Balcombe Engineering is the largest independent pipeline flange stockist and manufacturer in Australia. Balcombe Engineering is the largest independent manufacturer of heat exchanger tube sheets and baffle plates in Australia.

Flange Ansi

Flange Asme

Ansi Flanges 

Asme Flanges

Bleed rings

Blind flanges

Din flanges

Injection nozzles

Line blinds

Pipe flanges

Sample pots

Spectacle blind

Steel flanges

Stainless flanges

Tube plates

Weldnecks

Manways

Pressure vessel flanges

Orifice flanges

Long weld neck flanges

Manways for pressure vessels

Pressure valves

Components for Boilers

Parts for boilers

Orifice plates


Pipe Flanges

Pipeline flanges are a disc, collar or ring that attaches to pipe with the purpose of providing increased support for strength, blocking off a pipeline or implementing the attachment of more items.  Pipe line flanges are usually welded or screwed to the pipe end and are connected with bolts.  A gasket is inserted between the two mating flanges to provide a tighter seal.  Pipe flanges are either custom with dimensions provided by the customer or they are manufactured according to published specifications.  Several organizations and associations have published specifications that provide dimensional information as well as pressure specifications at different temperatures.  Balcombe Pipeline Flange manufactures custom flanges and stocks 6 basic types of pipe flanges.  Although, these are the 6 most common types of pipe flanges, Balcombe Flange is a custom flange manufacturer as well and is able to create just about any type of flange necessary for your requirements.  Please click on one of the following pictures for a more detailed description of the pipe flanges you are interested in.  Each page also has a video that provides a better understanding of how the pipe flanges are connected to the pipe.


SLIP-ON PIPE LINE FLANGES

Slip-on pipe flanges actually slip over the pipe.  These pipe flanges are typically machined with an inside diameter of the pipe flange slightly larger than the outside diameter of the pipe.  This allows the flange to slide over the pipe but to still have a somewhat snug fit.  Slip-on pipe flanges are secured to the pipe with a fillet weld at the top and the bottom of the slip-on pipe flanges.   These pipe flanges are also further categorized as a ring or a hub.  Ring pipe flanges and hub pipe flanges are both considered slip on pipe flanges because they both slip over the pipe.  Slip on Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 96".  Slip on pipe flanges that consist of a flat ring have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 144".  Balcombe Flange provides Slip-On pipe flanges in all material grades, specifications and sizes.


WELD NECK PIPE LINE FLANGES

Weld neck pipe flanges attach to the pipe by welding the pipe to the neck of the pipe flange.  This allows for the transfer of stress from the weld neck pipe flanges to the pipe itself.  This also reduces high stress concentration at the base of the hub of the weld neck pipe flanges.  Weld neck pipe flanges are often used for high pressure applications.  The inside diameter of a weld neck pipe flange is machined to match the inside diameter of the pipe.  Weld Neck Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 96".  Balcombe Flange provides Weld Neck pipe flanges in all material grades, specifications and sizes.


BLIND PIPE LINE FLANGES

Blind pipe flanges are pipe flanges used to seal the end of a piping system or pressure vessel openings to prevent flow.  Blind pipe flanges are commonly used for pressure testing the flow of liquid or gas through a pipe or vessel.  Blind pipe flanges also allow easy access to the pipe in the event that work must be done inside the line.  Blind pipe flanges are often used for high pressure applications.  Slip on Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 96".  Balcombe Flange provides Blind pipe flanges in all material grades, specifications and sizes.



LAP JOINT PIPE LINE FLANGES

Lap Joint Pipe line Flanges slide over the pipe and are most commonly used with Stub End Fittings.  A pipe is typically welded to the Stub End and the Lap Joint pipe flange is free to rotate around the stub end.  The benefit of this is that there will not be any issues with bolt hole alignment.  Lap Joint pipe flanges are often used for applications that require frequent dismantling.  Slip on Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 24".  Sizes above 24" are produced as lap joints to slip on dimensions.  Balcombe Flange provides Lap Joint pipe flanges in all material grades, specifications and sizes.



THREADED PIPE LINE FLANGES

Threaded pipe flanges are similar to slip-on pipe flanges except the bore of threaded pipe flange has tapered threads.  Threaded pipe flanges are used with pipes that have external threads.  The benefit of these pipe flanges is that it can be attached without welding.  Threaded pipe flanges are often used for small diameter, high pressure requirements.  Slip on Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 24".  Balcombe Flange provides Slip-On pipe flanges in all material grades, specifications and sizes.


SOCKET-WELD PIPE LINE FLANGES

Socket-weld pipe flanges are typically used on smaller sizes of high pressure pipes.  These pipe flanges are attached by inserting the pipe into the socket end and applying fillet weld around the top.  This allows for a smooth bore and better flow of the fluid or gas inside of the pipe.   Slip on Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 24".  Balcombe Flange provides Socket Weld pipe flanges in all material grades, specifications


Balcombe Pipeline Flanges was established in 1954 to provide a service to the petrochemical and mining industries by manufacturing pipeline flanges from locally produced forgings. Since then, Balcombe has expanded its products range to include imported flanges to the stage where Balcombe now has the largest ex stock range of flanges of any stockist in Australia.

Balcombe is now one of the leading Australian manufacturers of heat exchanger tube sheets and baffle plates, since investing heavily in state of the art computer operated drilling machines.

Balcombe is a 100% Australian company, owned by the same family that has been involved in the daily running of the company since inception.

The Directors of Balcombe have built a successful business based on the premise of customer service.

All staff understand that the customer's needs are paramount and every endeavour is made to satisfy customer requirements with respect to quality and required completion date. Our experienced sales team are wholly customer oriented and are dedicated to provide the best expertise, advice and customer service in the industry.

Balcombe is an approved manufacturer and supplier of pipeline flanges and heat exchange components to all the oil and petrochemical companies operating in Australia, and is accredited to comply with Quality Assurance Standard ISO 9001 by Lloyds Register-certificate No. 400278, and Workover Australia- certificate No. MMT/33/96.

Major Clients: The following is a list of some of our major clients/end users over the last ten years:

ABB Australia Alcoa Australia Australian Submarine Corporation Alstom Power Bechtel BHP Billiton BP Australia Caltex Refineries Chevron Clough Engineering Esso Australia Hyundai Heavy Industries Kvaerner Phillips Petroleum Tyco Australia Fluor Daniel Mobil Refining Queensland Alumina Santos Shell Australia Transfield Woodside


Vertical borers (7) :                     Max diameter 2650mm diameter x 1900mm high CNC Drilling (8)  :                        3000mm diameter x 1000mm thick CNC Machining Centre (3):       2400mm wide x 3000 mm long CNC Lathe (3)  :                      &nbnbsp;   Max diameter 600mm x 1400mm long  Radial Drill (7)  :                          3000mm diameter Lathe (10)  :                                 700mm diameter Mill (1)   :                                       2000mm diameter Lifting   :                                        10 tonne Warehouse/Factory Area :        4400sm (48,000 SF) Land area  :                                 10,200sm (110,000 SF)


Balcombe carries the largest stocked range of pipeline flanges in Australia.

In addition to all commonly used flanges, we specialise in stocking flanges to suit heavy wall pipe/high pressure petro-chemical applications, many of which are not available from any other stock source in Australia.

All forged flanges stocked are supplied by leading manufacturers fully approved by all major oil, petro - chemical, mining and contracting companies.

Pipe flanges

There are many different flange standards to be found worldwide. To allow easy functionality and inter-changeability, these are designed to have standardised dimensions. Common world standards include ASA/ANSI (), PN/DIN (European), BS10 (British/Australian), and JIS/KS (Japanese/Korean).

In most cases these are not interchangeable (e.g. an ANSI flange will not mate against a JIS flange). Further, many of the flanges in each standard are divided into "pressure classes", allowing flanges to be capable of taking different pressure ratings. Again these are not generally interchangeable (e.g. an ANSI 150 will not mate with an ANSI 300). These pressure classes also have differing pressure and temperature ratings for different materials. Unique pressure classes for piping can also be developed for a process plant or power generating station; these may be specific to the corporation, Engineering procurement and construction (EPC) contractor, or the process plant owner.

The flange faces are also made to standardized dimensions and are typically "flat face", "raised face", " tongue and groove ", or " ring joint " styles, although other obscure styles are possible.

Flange designs are available as "welding neck", "slip-on", "boss", "lap joint", "socket weld", " threaded ", and also "blind".

PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

We supply a wide range of pipe flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

The pipe flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades.

Weld neck flange

Available weld neck flanges are designed for most high pressure industrial applications. The weld neck pipe flanges we supply are ideal for use in heavy duty applications involving high pressure, sub-zero and/or elevated temperatures.

Slip-on flange

The slip-on pipe flanges we supply are designed to easily slide over the outside diameter of the pipe and be attached by fillet welding. These flanges are ideal for lower pressure applications.

Blind pipe line flange s

We supply blind flanges with or without a hub depending on customer requirements. The superior design of the blind flanges enables deployment in high pressure applications. The blind flanges can also be used to provide access covers for pressure vessels.

Flanges

Flanges Australia

Flange Supplier

Flange Manufacturer

Flanges

Pipeline Flanges

Pipe Flanges

Valve

Valve Supplier

BV Valve

BV

ANSI Flanges

Stainless Steel Flanges

Forged Flanges

Stainless Steel Valve

Check Valve

3 Way Ball Valve

Baffles

Baffle Plate

Ball Valve

Butterfly Valve

Cast Iron Valve

Cast Steel Valve

Electric Actuator

Pneumatic Actuator

Hydraulic Actuator

Needle Valves

Gate Valve

Globe Valve

Y Strainer

JIS Flanges

Plate Flanges

AS 2129 Flanges

Steel Flanges

Spectacle Blind

Long Weld Neck Flange

Orifice Plate

Orifice Flanges

Tubeplates

Tubesheet

Stub End

Lap Joint Stub End

Dished Head

Lap Joint Flange

BS 3293 Flanges

AWWA Flanges

Deephole Drilling

MSS SP 44 Flanges

Deadman Ball Valve

Trunnion Ball Valve

Knifegate valve

Fire Safe Ball Valve

Pressure Vessel Flanges

Resilient Valves

Slip On Flange

Balcombe ANSI Flanges PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of ANSI Flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

ANSI Flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe ANSI Flanges pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades.

Balcombe ANSI Flanges PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of ANSI Flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

ANSI Flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe ANSI Flanges pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades.

Balcombe Stainless Steel flanges PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Stainless Steel flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

Stainless Steel flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Stainless Steel flanges pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades.

Balcombe Forged PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Forged flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

Forged flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Forged pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades.

Balcombe JIS PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of JIS flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

JIS flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe JIS pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades.

Balcombe Plate PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Plate flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

Plate flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Plate pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades.

Balcombe AS 2129 PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of AS 2129 flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

AS 2129 flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe AS 2129 pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. AS 2129 Flanges

Balcombe Orifice PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Orifice flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

Orifice flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Orifice pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. Orifice Flanges

Balcombe Stub end PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Stub end flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice , Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

Stub end flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Stub end pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. Balcombe Stub end Flanges

Balcombe Lap Joint Stub End PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Lap Joint Stub End flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

Lap Joint Stub End flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Lap Joint Stub End pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. Balcombe Lap Joint Stub End Flanges

Balcombe Dished head PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Dished head flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

Dished head flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Dished head pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry st Balcombe BS 3293 PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of BS 3293 flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

BS 3293 flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe BS 3293 pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. Balcombe BS 3293 Flanges

Standard material grades. Balcombe Dished head Flanges

Balcombe AWWA PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of AWWA flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

AWWA flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe AWWA pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. Balcombe AWWA Flanges

Balcombe Deep Hole drilling PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Deep Hole drilling flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

The Deep Hole drilling flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Deep Hole drilling pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. Balcombe Deep Hole drilling Flanges

Balcombe MSS SP 44 PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of MSS SP 44 flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue &amamp; Groove.

MSS SP 44 flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe MSS SP 44 pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. Balcombe MSS SP 44 Flanges

Balcombe Pressure Vessel PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Pressure Vessel flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

Pressure Vessel flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Pressure Vessel pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. Balcombe Pressure Vessel Flanges

Balcombe Slip On Flanges PIPE FLANGES - Weld neck flange, Slip-on flange, Blind flange

Balcombe supply a wide range of Slip On Flanges including Blind, Lap Joint, Orifice, Slip On, Socket Weld, Spectacle Blind, Threaded and Weld Neck flanges with the following facings: Flat Face, Raised Face, Ring Type Joint and Tongue & Groove.

Slip On Flanges we supply are manufactured to the highest specification and are suitable for a variety of industrial applications. We also supply pipe flanges to non-standard requirements, according to customer drawings.

All Balcombe Slip On Flanges pipe flanges are available in a range of sizes and industry standard material grades. Balcombe Slip On Flange

Flanges

Our range of threaded flanges and NPT flanges are manufactured as per international quality standards and is available in various dimensions. Our threaded flanges are used with their main advantage being that they can be used for extraordinary circumstances and in highly volatile areas where welding is hazardous. Our NPT threaded flanges can attach to the pipe without welding. These are low maintenance threaded flanges made from high quality raw material that are available at fair prices. We ensure timely delivery of the products within stipulated time frame.

WNRF Flanges

Offering our clients a wide and unmatched range of weld neck flanges. Our flanges are resistant to corrosion and abrasion. Our products range finds wide application in national and international industries of diverse sectors. Made from superior grade raw material, these weld neck flanges ensure durable performance at client's end and are available at most competitive prices. We can customize our range of weld neck flanges as per the requirement of the bulk buyers.

Blind Flanges

We are widely known for offering premium quality steel blind flanges. Designed and developed in compliance with international quality standards, these stainless steel blind flanges are made to suit the variegated requirements of diverse industries. Our product stainless steel blind flanges are shock proof and ensures high utility with low maintenance. Customization of these steel blind flanges are done as per the diverse demand & specifications of the clients all across the world.

Socket Welding Flanges

We expertise in manufacturing socket welding flanges. Highly durable and reliable, these socket welding flanges results in smooth & flawless performance. They are corrosion resistant and promises high utility. All the products are widely appreciated by our clients and are available at highly competitive prices. Custom designing of socket welding flanges are done as per the specifications of the bulk buyers.

SORF Flanges

Avail from us an exclusive variety of slip on flanges that are extensively used by various industries all across the world. These stainless steel slip on flanges are widely used to connect pipes & are considered as an important entity to support mechanical parts. These slip on flanges are made from superior grade raw material which is highly corrosion resistant thus ensuring durable performance at client's end. Our product ensures accuracy and precision so that our clients get value for their money. Moreover, our range of SORF flanges or slip on flanges are offered at industry leading prices.

DIN Flanges

Presenting our range of precisely engineered DIN flanges which is manufactured in compliance with international quality standards. These steel DIN flanges are cost efficient, highly durable and reliable. Our steel DIN flanges is extensively used in various industries like Engineering, construction, chemical, power plant and many more.

Available in different dimensions. We ensure safe packaging and prompt delivery of the product.

PN Flanges

Designed for reliable performance, our range of PN flanges are available in various sizes and results in long lasting performance. Manufactured with utmost care and precise engineered dimensions as per the standard technical specifications. Our range of flanges are extensively used in different industries in global market. We deliver consignment hassle free within stipulated time frame. These PN flanges are available at the most competitive prices.

Drilling Flanges

Manufactured with finest quality of metals, our wide range of drilling flanges is high in demand across the globe. Our superior quality drilling flanges are independent screwed wellhead which provides metal-to-metal seal. These flanges drilling are extensively used in various industries like ship building, petrochemical, steel plant etc. We are known for offering our product range at reasonable prices and delivering consignment within given time frame.

Weld neck flange

Available weld neck flanges are designed for most high pressure industrial applications. The weld neck pipe flanges we supply are ideal for use in heavy duty applications involving high pressure, sub-zero and/or elevated temperatures.

Slip-on flange

The slip-on pipe flanges we supply are designed to easily slide over the outside diameter of the pipe and be attached by fillet welding. These flanges are ideal for lower pressure applications.

Blind pipe flange

We supply blind flanges with or without a hub depending on customer requirements. The superior design of the blind flanges enables deployment in high pressure applications. The blind flanges can also be used to provide access covers for pressure vessels.

We provide ASME Code and Non Code Industrial flanges for the Petrochemical, Process, & Waterworks industries. ANSI, API, AWWA pipe flanges in carbon, stainless, alloys and chrome steel. Weld Neck, Slip on, Blind, Threaded, socket weld, Lap Joint, Orifice Flanges in sizes 1/2" to 198".

Welding Neck Flanges: The welding neck flange is normally referred to as the "high hub" Flange. It is designed to transfer stresses to the pipe, thereby reducing high stress concentrations at the base of the Flange. The welding neck flange is the best designed butt-welded flange of those currently available because of its inherent structural value. It is expensive because of the design. Threaded (Screwed) Flanges: The threaded flange is similar to the slip-on flange, but the bore is threaded. Its chief merit is that it can be assembled without welding, explaining its use in low pressure services at ordinary atmospheric temperatures and in highly explosive areas where welding create a hazard.

Slip-On Flanges: The slip-on flange has a low hub because the pipe slips into the flange prior to welding. It is welded both inside and out to provide sufficient strength and prevent leakage. Slip-on flanges are all bored slightly larger that the O.D. of the matching pipe. They are preferred over welding neck flanges by many users due to their lower initial cost, but final installation cost is probably not much less than that of the welding neck flange because of the additional welding involved.

Lap joint Flanges: The lap joint flange is practically identical to a slip-on flange except it has a radius at the intersection of the bore and flange race.

This radius is necessary to have the flange accommodate a lap joint stub end. Normally, a lap joint flange and a lap joint stub end are mated together in an assembly system. The socket welding flange is similar to a slip-on flange except it has a bore and a counter bore dimension. The counter bore is slightly larger than the O.D. of the matching pipe, allowing the pipe to be inserted into the flange similar to a slip-on flange. The diameter of the smaller bore is the same as the I.D. of the matching pipe. A restriction is built into the bottom of the bore which sets as a shoulder for the pipe to rest on. This eliminates any restriction in flow when using a socket welding flange.

Flange

Flanges

Flanges Australia

Flange Supplier

Flange Manufacturer

Flanges

Pipeline Flanges

Pipe Flanges

Valve

Valve Supplier

BV Valve

BV

ANSI Flanges

Stainless Steel Flanges

Forged Flanges

Stainless Steel Valve

Check Valve

3 Way Ball Valve

Baffles

Baffle Plate

Ball Valve

Butterfly Valve

Cast Iron Valve

Cast Steel Valve

Electric Actuator

Pneumatic Actuator

Hydraulic Actuator

Needle Valves

Gate Valve

Globe Valve

Y Strainer

JIS Flanges

Plate Flanges

AS 2129 Flanges

Steel Flanges

Spectacle Blind

Long Weld Neck Flange

Orifice Plate

Orifice Flanges

Tubeplates

Tubesheet

Stub End

Lap Joint Stub End

Dished Head

Lap Joint Flange

BS 3293 Flanges

AWWA Flanges

Deephole Drilling

MSS SP 44 Flanges

Deadman Ball Valve

Trunnion Ball Valve

Knifegate valve

Fire Safe Ball Valve

Pressure Vessel Flanges

Resilient Valves

Slip On Flange

Balcombe Spectacle Blinds

Balcombe Spectacle Blinds consist of a ring (spacer) and a plate (spade). In the event of an item of equipment being shut down, the plate covers the ring to form an airtight seal. Our Balcombe Spectacle Blinds are designed to ensure that an item of equipment can be securely blanked off, with no possibility of leakage in the valve.

Because safety is so important to the function of our Balcombe Spectacle Blinds, we assure that they are tested exactly to client€™s specifications. Our Balcombe Spectacle Blinds come in pressure ratings of 150lbs, 300lbs, 600lbs, 900lbs, 1500lbs and 2500lbs

Balcombe Spectacle Blinds are available dimensionally in accordance with API 590 and ASTM 16.48 or customer requirements.

For more information about our Balcombe Spectacle Blinds, please contact us today.

"A spectacle blind - also known as a figure-8 blind - is generally a piece of metal that is cut to fit between two pipe flanges and usually sandwiched between two gaskets. A spectacle blind is often made from two metal discs that are attached to each other by a small section of steel. The shape is similar to a pair of glasses or "spectacles" - hence the name spectacle blind. One end of the blind will have an opening to allow flow through the pipe during operation and the other end is solid to block flow during maintenance. They are generally installed as a permanent device to separate process piping systems." [1 ] The whole idea of a spectacle blind is so that one can be absolutely sure that an item of equipment is properly and securely blanked off with no possibility of any flow or leakage through a valve during maintenance. The flow can be diverted to other items of equipment but not just bypassed around the blank as this would compromise the safety function of the spectacle blind. The flow has to valved off and pressure relieved prior to loosening flange bolts and swinging the blind.

Spectacles Flanges

Spectacle Blind Flanges, Spectacle Blind Flange, Spectacle Flanges, Spectacle Blind Flanges manufacturers.

Separating one part of a line from another requires a spectacle blind, able to switch from closed to open and back again. Bleed rings provide a means to release pressure from the pipe through a controlled opening.

Spectacle flanges are known for their tensile strength, dimensional accuracy and durability. These flanges are made by using best quality material. We offers an extensive range of spectacle flanges in various dimensions and specification.


These types of flanges are made from plate, and come in 3 different types:


The first and most widely used type are spec blinds €“ short for spectacle: these are flanges with two equal outside diameter (OD) parts welded together by way of a €˜bridge€™. One of the parts also contains an inside diameter (ID), while the other is a blank, or blind. A whole is put at the halfway mark of the bridge. These are also called spectacles, figure 8€™s, and figure 8 blanks, because of their resemblance to reading glasses (spectacles) and figure 8€™s. These are referred to as €˜Line Blanks€™ in the ASME/ANSI standards.


The second and third types are quite similar: both have longer bridges, referred to as €˜paddles€™, which resemble longer handles. One type has only an OD, and so is a blind plate €“ similar in appearance to a large pizza oven peel. These are referred to as paddle blinds. The other type is exactly the same but comes with an ID as well, enabling flow-through when installed in a piping system. These pieces have holes in the paddle which enables field personnel to determine by sight which piece is installed in a system. These are referred to as paddle spacers, and are often supplied in sets together with the paddle blinds.


All 3 types of these flanges are used in piping systems or pressure vessels where the flow needs to be interrupted from time to time. They are installed between two pipe flanges (as specified above), and by way of a screw inserted into the hole in the bridge or paddle, they are able to rotate or €˜swing€™ into and out of position to interrupt or allow the flow, as the user sees fit.

Our spec blind flanges are available with raised, flat, or RTJ faces.

The wide range of Balcombe Spectacles Flanges offered by us is available in quality stainless steel and alloys. We offer our range in various technical specifications and in forms of slip on, socket weld, blind, lapped, screwed, weld neck, reducing, spectacle, slip on boss, plate, plate blank and screwed boss. Besides, this we can also provide customization facility as per demands of our clients.

Products

Flanges, Industrial

Flanges, Raised Face

Flanges, Backing

Flanges, Joint

Flange Adapters

Flanges, Threaded

Flanges, API Standard

Flanges, BALCOMBE Standard

Flanges, Nickel Alloy

Stainless Steel Flanges, Duplex

Gaskets, Flange, Pipe

Flanges, Rotatable

Flanges, Socket Weld

Flanges, Pipe, Carbon Steel

Flanges, Pipe, Stainless Steel

Flanges, Pipe, Alloy

Nozzles, Flanged

Flanges, Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA)

Flanges, Swivel Ring

Flanges, Forged Alloy

Flanges, Alloy and Stainless Steel

Flanges, Nickel Alloy, Low Temperature

Flanges, Carbon

Flanges, Alloy

Flanges, Sealing

Flanges, Backing, Carbon Steel

Flanges, Pipe, Super Duplex

Pipeline Flanges, Weld Neck

Pipeline Flanges, Socket Weld

Pipeline Flanges, Slip On

Pipeline Flanges, Forged, Molybdenum Steel

Pipeline Flanges, Forged Stainless Steel

Pipeline Flanges, Forged High Yield Steel

Pipeline Flanges, Forged Duplex Stainless Steel

Pipeline Flanges, Forged Carbon Steel

Pipeline Flanges, Forged Alloy Steel

Pipeline Flanges

Pipeline Fittings or Flanges

Pipe Flanges, British Standard, Threaded

Pipe Fittings, Flange Outlets

Pipe Fittings, Backing Flange

Nozzles, Flanged, Swivel

Nozzles, Filters, Flanged

Nickel Alloy Flanges or Fittings

Machining, Ring Type Groove Flanges

Machining, Flange Facing

Higher Nickel Alloy Flanges or Fittings

Gaskets, Flange

Gaskets, Enclosure, Flange

Forgings, Flange, Machined

Forgings, Flange

Flanges, Wellhead

Flanges, Welding Neck

Flanges, Welding

Flanges, Weld Neck, Stainless Steel

Flanges, Titanium Alloy

Flanges, Titanium

Flanges, Threaded, Straight

Flanges, Threaded, DIN

Flanges, Subsea or Underwater

Flanges, Steel

Flanges, to Specification

Flanges, Socket Weld, Straight

Flanges, Socket Weld, Stainless Steel

Flanges, Slip On, Stainless Steel

Flanges, Slip On

Flanges, Screwed Socket, Slip On, Weld Neck

Flanges, Rotatable, Stainless Steel

Flanges, Plate, Plate Steel, JIS

Flanges, Plate, Plate Steel, BS

Flanges, Plate

Flanges, Pipe, Raised Face, Weld Neck

Flanges, Pipe, Raised Face, Weld

Flanges, Pipe, Raised Face, Slip On

Flanges, Pipe, Raised Face, Blind

Flanges, Pipe, DIN

Flanges, Pipe

Flanges, Petrochemical Industry

Flanges, O Rings, Stainless Steel

Flanges, O Ring

Flanges, Orifice

Flanges, Non Weld

Flanges, Non Ferrous Alloy

Flanges, Non Ferrous

Flanges, Mounting

Flanges, Metric Standard

Flanges, Metal

Flanges, Loose, DIN

Flanges, International Standard

Flanges, Higher Alloy

Flanges, Forged Steel, Stainless Steel

Flanges, Forged Steel, Molybdenum Steel

Flanges, Forged Steel, High Yield Carbon Steel

Flanges, Forged Steel, Duplex Stainless Steel

Flanges, Forged Steel, Carbon Steel

Flanges, Forged Steel, Alloy Steel

Flanges, Forged Steel

Flanges, Flat Welding

Flanges, Fixed, Stainless Steel

Flanges, Drilling

Flanges, Chrome Molybdenum Alloy

Flanges, Carbon Steel

Flanges, Carbon Alloy

Flanges, Butt Weld, Straight

Flanges, British Standard

Flanges, Body, Pressure Vessels

Flanges, Blind, Stainless Steel

Flanges, Blind

Flanges, Blank

Flanges, American Standard

Flanges, Aluminium

Flanges, Backing, Stainless Steel

Flanged Welding Outlets

Flanges

Flange Kits

Flange Fittings

Ends, Swivel Flange

Ends, Fixed Flange

Duplex Metal Flanges or Fittings

Adapters, Metal Flange


Flanges

Balcombe Flange provides Flanges to many markets.

Flanges we also provide:

  1. BALCOMBE/ASME FORGED FLANGES

  2. MSS-SP-44 FLANGES/BALCOMBE B 16.47 SERIES A

  3. API TYPE 6A - RTJ Face Flanges.

  4. API-605 FLANGES/BALCOMBE B 16.47 SERIES B

  5. A.G.A. ORIFICE UNIONS -   Furnished with or without Hardware.

  6. ASME BOILER CODE FLANGES

  7. CL. 125 LIGHTWEIGHT FLANGES - For low pressure applications.

  8. PLATE FLANGES - From 1/4" thru 8" Thick, Including AWWA C-207 ,and all other special designs.

  9. BALCOMBE LONG WELDNECKS  & SPECIAL BODY CONNECTORS

  10. BALCOMBE SPECTACLE BLINDS

  11. Special Ring Flanges

Materials:

  1. CARBON STEEL - ASTM/ASME SA-105, A-350 LF-2, LF-3, A694, SA-516-70, A36

  2. CHROME ALLOYS - A-182-F-1, F-5, F-6, F-7, F-9, F-11, F-12, F-22, F-51

  3. STAINLESS STEEL - A-182 - F-304, 304L, 316, 316L, 309, 310, 317L, 321, 347, Alloy 20

  4. ALUMINUM - 1100, 2014, 3003, 5083, 5086, 6061, 7075

  5. HASTALLOY - B-2, C-276, G, X

  6. INCONEL - 600, 601, 625, 718

  7. INCOLLOY - 800, 825

  8. MONEL - 400

  9. COPPER - C11000

  10. NAVAL BRASS - (Bronze)

  11. TITANIUM

Full line of Stainless and Alloy Plate Flame Cutting.

BALCOMBE flanges are available at Balcombe Flange in class 150.  The BALCOMBE flanges in the class 150 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges.  BALCOMBE flanges for class 150 are provided by Balcombe Flange as forgings unless otherwise specified

BALCOMBE flanges are available at Balcombe Flange in class 300. The BALCOMBE flanges in the class 300 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges. BALCOMBE flanges for class 300 are provided by Balcombe Flange as forgings unless otherwise specified. BALCOMBE flanges are available at Balcombe Flange in class 400. The BALCOMBE flanges in the class 400 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, and threaded flanges. BALCOMBE flanges for class 400 are provided by Balcombe Flange as forgings unless otherwise specified. BALCOMBE flanges are available at Balcombe Flange in class 600. The BALCOMBE flanges in the class 600 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges. BALCOMBE flanges for class 600 are provided by Balcombe Flange as forgings unless otherwise specified.

BALCOMBE flanges are available at Balcombe Flange in class 900. The BALCOMBE flanges in the class 900 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges. BALCOMBE flanges for class 900 are provided by Balcombe Flange as forgings unless otherwise specified. BALCOMBE flanges are available at Balcombe Flange in class 1500. The BALCOMBE flanges in the class 1500 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges. BALCOMBE flanges for class 1500 are provided by Balcombe Flange as forgings unless otherwise specified.

BALCOMBE flanges are available at Balcombe Flange in class 2500. The BALCOMBE flanges in the class 2500 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, and threaded flanges. BALCOMBE flanges for class 2500 are provided by Balcombe Flange as forgings unless otherwise specified. Custom Flanges

Balcombe custom flanges

Yes. Balcombe Flange is first and foremost a job shop for custom flanges. Although we do supply industry standard flanges, a healthy portion of our work consists of modified or custom flanges for special applications.  All custom flanges at Balcombe Flange endure the same quality inspection that standard flanges receive.  Our experience manufacturing custom flanges allows Balcombe Flange to react quickly without fear of the unknown.  Due to the large raw material inventory that Balcombe Flange stocks, most custom flanges are able to be turned around with a few days.

Can Balcombe Flange provide assistance with drawings for custom flanges?

Yes.  Our ability to manufacture custom flanges does not always depend on an approved print.  However, Balcombe Flange has personnel experienced in AutoCad and we are able to quickly produce prints of custom flanges.  Prints for custom flanges can be used to clarify information or provide an opportunity for the customer to sign a shop print and approve work to begin.  With Autocad and our expert staff, custom flanges that conform to the most stringent designs are not a problem.

What about a square pipe flange?

Is Balcombe Flange capable of manufacturing square custom flanges?

Yes. Balcombe Flange has experience manufacturing square pipe flanges with tie rod holes as well as square OD x circle ID flanges for custom applications.  Other custom flanges that are commonly made at Balcombe Flange include custom flanges with dual bolt patterns and custom flanges with spools between the custom flanges.  Balcombe Flange also makes custom flanges that are a variation of reducing flanges, including reducing weld necks and reducing slip-ons.

Balcombe Engineering Pty Ltd has been the leading Australian specialist manufacturer in the flange industry for over 50 years servicing a diverse range of customers for flanges, spectacle blinds and tube plates / tubesheets, in the Petrochemical, General Industrial, and Food industries. The Melbourne facility is located in Hallam and houses Australia’s largest range of flanges and valves as well as a comprehensive in house manufacturing facility. Large stocks, and in-house manufacturing, enables Balcombe to provide any required flange, spectacle blind, or valve in a few hours if it’s in stock and between next day and 2 weeks if it has to be custom manufactured.

The company operates out of a purpose built complex of over 6000sqm. This Melbourne complex is located in Hallam 1 minute from the intersection of the Princess Hwy and the South Gippsland Hwy providing rapid access to the freeway system that cuts through Melbourne linking the major Highways, the Port and the Airport. Such ease of access helps make freight carrier service fast and efficient. Our generous loading bays and forklift facilities make loading transports a fast, safe and painless task.

Flanges & Valves Experience & Service


Our experienced sales staff have mostly been in the flange industry for decades and are able to assist customers in unravelling the complex flange specifications ensuring you get the right advice every time. To enable real time information all sales staff use a comprehensive, fully integrated computer based Enterprise Resource Planning solution covering quotations, stock holdings orders, manufacturing, and shipping. This system enable sales staff to immediately answer your stock availability and ex stock pricing queries and send you a formal quote. Additionally we can track the progress of your order and advise if the goods are complete, packed, and ready for shipment. So if its a Ansi flange, Din flange, AS2129 flange, As4087 flange, pipeline flange, spectacle blind or tubeplate you will get a rapid, accurate, answer.

Comprehensive Range

Australia uses a variety of flange standards including ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers B16.5, B16.47) for oil and gas, Australian standards for general industry (AS2129 ) and water (AS4087) and British and European standards (BS4504 and EN1092) for imported pumps. To cater for these applications requires we keep a comprehensive range of all these standards of flanges and valves. Typically we stock items to AS2129, AS4087, EN1092,ASME B16.5,ASME B16.47 flanges in size up to 1200 mm ID. Valves are stocked with AS2129 and ASME B16.5 flanges. Applications vary widely and require flanges of different materials ranging from stocked materials such as standard carbon steels like GR250 and A105, low temperature carbon steel LF2 ,stainless steel 304, 316, 2205(SAF) to special order Crome Molleys and Exotic alloys like Hastelloy and Incoloy.

Custom Fabrication

Stocked flanges and valves are only part of the business with a large manufacturing component providing items to customers specific drawings and specifications. The modern CNC manufacturing area serviced by a 10 ton gantry crane is able to produce custom flanges to 2 meters diameter, specialist spectacle blinds, paddles, spacers and bleed rings as well as boiler components such as tubeplates to 2 m diameter and self-reinforced long weldnecks.

Quality Assured

Balcombe Engineering have a long history of supplying an extensive range of Flanges and Valves to specification and on time. To this end maintain an ISO 9001:2008 quality assurance system audited by Lloyds and active throughout the entire business from quoting right through to packing and despatch. Our history is extensive with the company participating in projects like Goro Nickel, Woodside LNG train 5,Woodside LNG Pluto, Wheatstone Truenergy and the Sugarloaf pipeline.

Our huge range, extensive experience and ability to custom manufacture quickly to client requirements make Balcombe Engineering your first choice for flange and valve requirements.

Flanges

Flanges Size Range: 15mm- 1500mm (1/2”- 60”)

Ratings : As described in the relevant standard including ASME B16.5, ASME B16.47, EN1092, AS2129, AS/NZ 4087, API Spec 6A

Sealing Type: flat face, raised face, ring joint

Sealing Finish: Spiral Finish 3.2µm-12.0µm

Materials: A105, A350LF2,LF3,LF6, A694 F42-F70, AS/NZS3678 Gr250 304,316, 2205 (A182 F51), 2207, Incolloy 625 or as requested

Custom items: delivery usually 10-20 days.

Varietys: Weldnecks, Blinds, Slip-ons, Socket Welds, Lapped, Long Weldnecks. See visualise types under technical references to identify these types.

Flanges is a generic description used to describe a device that terminates a pipe or device and provides a boltable joint. The concept is generic but the application is specific. Flanges are predesigned to meet process conditions. Standards exist that provide standardised dimensions and material types.

Flange Types: Weldneck, Slip-on, Blind

Typical flange types are as follows:

Slip-on Weld (SOW) – This flange is slipped over the pipe and a bead of weld placed around the inside at the sealing face and the outside at the neck.

Weld Neck (WN) – Attached with a full penetration butt weld to the pipe. Very common in ASME B16.5 and sometimes called an ASME Weldneck or ANSI Weld neck.

Blind – Terminates the line.

Other types of flanges include: Long Weldneck, Bossed Blind, Lapped Flanges, Stub Ends, Socket Weld and Screwed. Typical sealing variations include Raised Face, flat face and Ring Joint.

Different industries tend to be dominated by different standards. The following chart illustrates the industries where the standards are used.

AS2129

Australian Standard

Flanges for piping valves & fittings

A common industrial flange in Australia. Sold mostly with a spiral finish on a flat face. Used for water movement and general industrial fluids, including in the food and wine industry.

AS4087

Australian and New Zealand Standard

Metallic flanges for waterworks purposes

Used generally for water supply projects for government sponsored projects. Similar hole spacing’s to some AS2129 flanges

ASME B16.5

American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Pipe flanges & flanged fittings

This is the mainstay for most heavy industrial and petrochemical plants. Covers flanges up to 600mm typically supplied with a raised face and spiral finish

ASME B16.47

American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Large diameter steel flanges Found mostly in heavy industrial and petrochemical applications. Covers flanges above 600mm typically supplied with a raised face and spiral finish. Available in A and B type.

BSEN 1092-1

British Industrial Flanges

Flanges & their joints.

Found on DIN pumps and other equipment from Europe and the UK

NB similar BS4504

JIS B2220

Japanese Industrial Standard

Steel pipe flanges.

Seen mostly in Australia in ships

ASME B16.36

American National Standard

Orifice Flanges. These flanges are designed to sit either side of orifice plates for measuring flow. They will typically be supplied with a side port and jacking bolts.

ASME B16.48

American National Standard

Line Blanks

Spectacle Blinds, Fig 8 Blinds, Spades, Paddle blinds, Spacers

MSS SP-44

American Manufacturing standardisation Society

Steel Pipeline Flanges.

Similar ASME B16.47A

AWWA C207

American Water Works Association

Steel Pipe Flanges for Waterworks.

Some flanges have similar hole spacing to ASME B16.47A

API 605

American Petroleum Institute

Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges

Similar ASME B16.47B

FLANGES – SEALING FINISHES

Typically Weldnecks, Slip-ons, and Blinds are produced as a raised face, flat face, or ring joint sealing surface depending on the application requirement. The spiral sealing face is a specified finish typically

Ra 3.2µm-6.3µm.

Australian and New Zealand flange standards specify coarser sealing faces typically Ra 6.4µm-12µm.

FLANGES - MATERIALS

As an Australian manufacturer Balcombe Engineering are able to manufacture the spectacle blinds in a material with the testing as required by the client specification. Typically flanges will be manufactured from carbon or stainless steels. Typical carbon steel materials are AS1548 460NR, A516 Gr70 or forgings like A105, A350 LF2, A350 LF3. In corrosion resistant materials A240 P316L, A240 P304L, UNS31803 and A182 F316L, A182 F304L are common. Less common but easily supplied is Super Duplex 2207 and Incoloy 625.

Additionally specialist finishes are available such as galvanising, PTFE coatings and linings and various epoxy finishes.

FLANGES - Corrosion Protection and Packaging

Each Flange will always have a sealing face that requires protection. Weldnecks have an additional weld preparation that also requires protection. Whether you want the flanges preserved for 2 weeks or 2 years Balcombe Engineering have packing system that ensures that your Weldnecks, Slip-on and Blinds arrive at the installation in good condition. Even more robust corrosion protection can be supplied upon request.

FLANGES – SPECIAL

This photo shows the early machining of a self-reinforced weldneck from A182 F51 duplex material.

Sometimes a specific Engineering requirement may dictate the need for special material and construction type required to produce the Weldneck , Slip-on or Blind flange. Balcombe Engineering are a manufacturer with full ISO 9001 certification and are able to produce to your requirements including detailed testing and documentation.

All material is traced through the system and ITP’s and MDR’s are available on request.

Your flange can be packaged according to your Engineering or project specification

TAB D TAB D

FLANGE THICKNESS BOSSED WELD PITCH BOLT NUMBER

OUTSIDE OF SOW NECK CIRCLE HOLE OF

DIAMETER FLANGE DIAMETER BOLT

(Refer Note.1) HOLES

MM INCH OD T L L1 PCD H # MM INCH

15 1/2 95 5 15 27 67 14 4 15 1/2

20 3/4 100 5 16 27 73 14 4 20 3/4

25 1 115 5 16 27 83 14 4 25 1

32 1 1/4 120 6 17 31 87 14 4 32 1 1/4

40 1 1/2 135 6 19 35 98 14 4 40 1 1/2

50 2 150 8 21 37 114 18 4 50 2

65 2 1/2 165 8 24 40 127 18 4 65 2 1/2

80 3 185 10 26 45 146 18 4 80 3

90 3 1/2 205 10 27 45 165 18 4 90 3 1/2

100 4 215 10 29 51 178 18 4 100 4

125 5 255 13 32 57 210 18 8 125 5

150 6 280 13 32 61 235 18 8 150 6

200 8 335 13 35 64 292 18 8 200 8

225 9 370 16 41 73 324 18 8 225 9

250 10 405 16 43 80 356 22 8 250 10

300 12 455 19 48 89 406 22 12 300 12

350 14 525 22 95 470 26 12 350 14

375 15 550 22 495 26 12 375 15

400 16 580 22 521 26 12 400 16

450 18 640 25 584 26 12 450 18

500 20 705 29 641 26 16 500 20

525 21 735 29 673 26 16 525 21

550 22 760 29 699 30 16 550 22

600 24 825 32 756 30 16 600 24

700 28 910 35 845 30 20 700 28

750 30 995 41 927 33 20 750 30

800 32 1060 41 984 36 20 800 32

850 34 1090 44 1016 36 20 850 34

900 36 1175 48 1092 36 24 900 36

1000 40 1255 51 1175 36 24 1000 40

1050 42 1335 54 1251 36 28 1050 42

1200 48 1490 60 1410 36 32 1200 48

NOTES: (1) The minimum flange thickness in carbon steel flanges will be 12mm.

(2) Bore sizes to suit ASME B 36.10 pipe unless otherwise specified.

(3) Flanges are generally supplied flat faced.

Flange Standards

Australian Standard

AS2129-2000 - Flanges for piping valves & fittings

A popular flange sold mostly with a spiral finish on a flat face. Used for water movement and general industrial fluids, including in the food industry. more

AS4087-2004 - Metallic flanges for waterworks purposes

Used generally for water supply projects for government sponsored projects. Similar hole spacing’s to AS2129 flanges. more

American Standard

ASME B16.5-2003 - Pipe flanges & flanged fittings

Mostly heavy industrial and petrochemical. Covers flanges up to 600mm typically supplied with a raised face and spiral finish. more

ASME B16.47-2006 - Large diameter steel flanges

Found mostly in heavy industrial and petrochemical applications. Covers flanges above 600mm typically supplied with a raised face and spiral finish. Available in A and B type. more

ASME B16.48-2008 - Line Blanks

Spectacle Blinds,Spades,Spacers. more

ASME B16.36-2009 - Orifice Flanges

These flanges are designed to sit either side of orifice plates for measuring flow. They will typically be supplied with a side port and jacking bolts. more

British Standard

BSEN 1092-1:2007 - Flanges & their joints

Found on DIN pumps and other equipment from Europe and the UK. NB similar BS4504. more

Japanese Standard

JIS B2220:2004 - Steel pipe flanges


Ansi flanges

ANSI B16.5 Class 150 Flanges

ANSI flanges are available at Balcombe Engineering in class 150. The ANSI flanges in the class 150 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges. ANSI flanges for class 150 are provided by Balcombe Engineering as forgings unless otherwise specified.

ANSI 300 ANSI B16.5 Class 300 Flanges

ANSI flanges are available at Balcombe Engineering in class 300. The ANSI flanges in the class 300 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges. ANSI flanges for class 300 are provided by Balcombe Engineering as forgings unless otherwise specified.

ANSI 400 ANSI B16.5 Class 400 Flanges

ANSI flanges are available at Balcombe Engineering in class 400. The ANSI flanges in the class 400 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, and threaded flanges. ANSI flanges for class 400 are provided by Balcombe Engineering as forgings unless otherwise specified.

ANSI 600 ANSI B16.5 Class 600 Flanges

ANSI flanges are available at Balcombe Engineering in class 600. The ANSI flanges in the class 600 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges. ANSI flanges for class 600 are provided by Balcombe Engineering as forgings unless otherwise specified.

ANSI 900 ANSI B16.5 Class 900 Flanges

ANSI flanges are available at Balcombe Engineering in class 900. The ANSI flanges in the class 900 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges. ANSI flanges for class 900 are provided by Balcombe Engineering as forgings unless otherwise specified.

ANSI 1500 ANSI B16.5 Class 1500 Flanges

ANSI flanges are available at Balcombe Engineering in class 1500. The ANSI flanges in the class 1500 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, threaded and socket weld flanges. ANSI flanges for class 1500 are provided by Balcombe Engineering as forgings unless otherwise specified.

ANSI 2500 ANSI B16.5 Class 2500 Flanges

ANSI flanges are available at Balcombe Engineering in class 2500. The ANSI flanges in the class 2500 specification cover slip-ons, weld necks, lap joints, blinds, and threaded flanges. ANSI flanges for class 2500 are provided by Balcombe Engineering as forgings unless otherwise specified.

Flanges to American Standards (ANSI)

NOM

FLANGE

SIZE PN20 (CLASS 150) PN50 (CLASS 300)

DN NPS DIA. PCD NO.

BOLTS DIA.

BOLTS

STUD

SIZE

BOLT

SIZE DIA. PCD NO.

BOLTS DIA.

BOLTS STUD

SIZE BOLT

SIZE

15 1/2 90 60.5 4 1/2 60 45 95 66.5 4 1/2 65 55

20 3/4 100 70 4 1/2 65 50 120 82.5 4 5/8 75 60

25 1 110 79.5 4 1/2 65 55 125 89 4 5/8 80 65

32 1(1/4) 120 89 4 1/2 70 55 135 98.5 4 5/8 80 65

40 1(1/2) 130 98.5 4 1/2 70 60 155 114.5 4 3/4 90 75

50 2 150 120.5 4 5/8 80 65 165 127 8 5/8 90 75

65 2(1/2) 180 139.5 4 5/8 90 75 190 149 8 3/4 100 85

80 3 190 152.5 4 5/8 90 75 210 168.5 8 3/4 110 90

90 3(1/2) 215 178 8 5/8 90 75 230 184 8 3/4 110 95

100 4 230 190.5 8 5/8 90 75 255 200 8 3/4 110 95

125 5 255 216 8 3/4 90 80 280 235 8 3/4 120 100

150 6 280 241.5 8 3/4 100 85 320 270 12 3/4 125 105

200 8 345 298.5 8 7/8 110 90 380 330 12 7/8 140 110

250 10 405 362 12 1 115 95 445 387.5 16 1 155 130

300 12 485 432 12 11/8 120 100 520 451 16 1(1/4) 170 145

350 14 535 476 12 11/8 130 110 585 514.5 20 11/8 175 150

400 16 600 540 16 1(1/4) 135 115 650 571.5 20 1(1/4) 190 160

450 18 635 578 16 1(1/4) 150 125 710 628.5 24 1(1/4) 195 170

500 20 700 635 20 1(1/4) 160 135 775 686 24 15/8 205 180

600 24 815 749.5 20 1(1/2) 175 145 915 813 24 1(1/2) 230 195

750 30 985 914 28 1(3/4) 190 160 1090 997 28 1(3/4) 290 250

900 36 1170 1086 32 2 215 180 1270 1168 32 2(1/2) 325 280

NOM

FLANGE

SIZE PN100 (CLASS 600)

DN NPS DIA. PCD NO.

BOLTS DIA.

BOLTS

STUD

SIZE

15 1/2 95 66.5 4 1/2 80

20 3/4 120 82.5 4 5/8 90

25 1 125 89 4 5/8 90

32 1(1/4) 135 98.5 4 5/8 100

40 1(1/2) 155 114.5 4 3/4 105

50 2 165 127 8 5/8 105

65 2(1/2) 190 149 8 3/4 120

80 3 210 168.5 8 3/4 125

90 3(1/2) 230 184 8 7/8 140

100 4 275 216 8 7/8 145

125 5 330 267 8 1 165

150 6 355 292 12 1 170

200 8 420 349 12 11/8 195

250 10 510 432 16 1(1/4) 215

300 12 560 489 20 1(1/4) 220

350 14 605 527 20 13/8 235

400 16 685 603 20 1(1/2) 255

450 18 745 654 20 15/8 275

500 20 815 724 24 15/8 290

600 24 940 838 24 17/8 330

750 30 1130 1022 28 2 355

900 36 1315 1194 28 2(1/2) 400

PN150 (CLASS 900)

DIA. PCD NO.

BOLTS DIA.

BOLTS

STUD

SIZE

120 82.5 4 3/4 105

130 89 4 3/4 115

150 101.5 4 7/8 125

160 111 4 7/8 125

180 124 4 1 140

215 165 8 7/8 145

245 190 8 1 160

240 190.5 8 7/8 145

TEMPERATURE/PRESSURE RATINGS

TEMPERATURE IN C & deg; MAXIMUM WORKING TEMPERATURE

DN PN20

CLASS 150 PN50

CLASS 300 PN100

CLASS 600 PN150

CLASS 900

-29 to 38 1960 5110 10210 15320

50 1920 5010 10020 15020

100 1770 4640 9280 13910


ASME flanges


ASME Pipe flanges that are made to standards called out by [[American Society of Mechanical Engineers|ASME]] B16.5 or ASME B16.47 are typically made from forged materials and have machined surfaces. B16.5 refers to [[nominal pipe size]]s (NPS) from ½" to 24". B16.47 covers NPSs from 26" to 60". Each specification further delineates flanges into [[pressure]] classes: 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500 for B16.5, and B16.47 delineates its flanges into pressure classes 75, 150, 300, 400, 600, 900. However these classes do not correspond to maximum pressures in [[Pounds per square inch|psi]]. Instead, the maximum pressure depends on the material of the flange and the temperature. For example, the maximum pressure for a Class 150 flange is 285 psi, and for a Class 300 Flange it is 740 psi (both are for ASTM A105 Carbon Steel and temperatures below 100F).


The [[gasket]] type and [[Screw|bolt]] type are generally specified by the standard(s); however, sometimes the standards refer to the ASME [[Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code]] (B&PVC) for details (see ASME Code Section VIII Division 1 - Appendix 2). These flanges are recognized by ASME Pipe Codes such as ASME B31.1 Power Piping, and ASME B31.3 Process Piping.


Materials for flanges are usually under ASME designation: SA-105 (Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications), SA-266 (Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components), or SA-182 (Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service). In addition, there are many "industry standard" flanges that in some circumstance may be used on ASME work.


ASME/ANSI B16.1 - 1998 - Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

This Standard for Classes 25, 125, 250 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings covers:


(a) pressure-temperature ratings,


(b) sizes and method of designating openings of reducing fittings,

(c) marking,

(d) minimum requirements for materials,

(e) dimensions and tolerances,

(f) bolt, nut, and gasket dimensions and

(g) tests.

ASME/ANSI B16.3 - 1998 - Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings

This Standard for threaded malleable iron fittings Classes 150, and 300 provides requirements for the following:


(a) pressure-temperature ratings

(b) size and method of designating openings of reducing fittings

(c) marking

(d) materials

(e) dimensions and tolerances

(f) threading

(g) coatings

ASME/ANSI B16.4 - 1998 - Cast Iron Threaded Fittings

This Standard for gray iron threaded fittings, Classes 125 and 250 covers:


(a) pressure-temperature ratings

(b) size and method of designating openings of reducing fittings

(c) marking

(d) material

(e) dimensions and tolerances

(f) threading, and

(g) coatings

ASME/ANSI B16.5 - 1996 - Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

The ASME B16.5 - 1996 Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking, testing, and methods of designating openings for pipe flanges and flanged fittings.

The standard includes flanges with rating class designations 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 in sizes NPS 1/2 through NPS 24, with requirements given in both metric and U.S units. The Standard is limited to flanges and flanged fittings made from cast or forged materials, and blind flanges and certain reducing flanges made from cast, forged, or plate materials. Also included in this Standard are requirements and recommendations regarding flange bolting, flange gaskets, and flange joints.


ASME/ANSI B16.9 - 2001 - Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings

This Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances, ratings, testing, and markings for wrought factory-made buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1/2 through 48 (DN 15 through 1200).


ASME/ANSI B16.10 - 2000 - Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Valves

This Standard covers face-to-face and end-to-end dimensions of straightway valves, and center-to face and center-to-end dimensions of angle valves. Its purpose is to assure installation interchangeability for valves of a given material, type size, rating class, and end connection


ASME/ANSI B16.11 - 2001 - Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded

This Standard covers ratings, dimensions, tolerances, marking and material requirements for forged fittings, both socket-welding and threaded.


ASME/ANSI B16.12 - 1998 - Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings

This Standard for cast iron threaded drainage fittings covers:


(a) size and method of designating openings in reducing fittings

(b) marking

(c) materials

(d) dimensions and tolerances

(e) threading

(f) ribs

(g) coatings

(h) face bevel discharge nozzles, input shafts, base plates, and foundation bolt holes (see Tables 1 and 2).

ASME/ANSI B16.14 - 1991 - Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings and Locknuts with Pipe Threads

This Standard for Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings, and Locknuts with Pipe Threads covers:


(a) pressure-temperature ratings:

(b) size;

(c) marking;

(d) materials;

(e) dimensions and tolerances;

(f) threading; and

(g) pattern taper.

ASME/ANSI B16.15 - 1985 (R1994) - Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings

This Standard pertains primarily to cast Class 125and Class 250 bronze threaded pipe fittings. Certain requirements also pertain to wrought or cast plugs, bushings, couplings, and caps. This Standard covers:


(a) pressure-temperature ratings;

(b) size and method of designating openings of reducing pipe fittings;

(c) marking;

(d) minimum requirements for casting quality and materials;

(e) dimensions and tolerances in U.S. customary and metric (SI) units;

(f) threading.

ASME/ANSI B16.18 - 1984 (R1994) - Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings

This Standard for cast copper alloy solder joint pressure fittings designed for use with copper water tube, establishes requirements for:


(a) Pressure-temperature ratings;

(b) Abbreviations for end connections;

(c) Sizes and method of designating openings of fittings;

(d) Marking;

(e) Material;

(f) Dimensions and tolerances; and

(g) Tests.

ASME/ANSI B16.20 - 1998 - Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges-Ring-Joint, Spiral-Would, and Jacketed

This standard covers materials, dimensions, tolerances, and markings for metal ring-joint gaskets, spiral-wound metal gaskets, and metal jacketed gaskets and filler material. These gaskets are dimensionally suitable for used with flanges described in the reference flange standards ASME/ANSI B16.5, ASME B16.47, and API-6A. This standard covers spiral-wound metal gaskets and metal jacketed gaskets for use with raised face and flat face flanges. Replaces API-601 or API-601.


ASME/ANSI B16.21 - 1992 - Non-metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges

This Standard for non-metallic flat gaskets for bolted flanged joints in piping includes:


(a) types and sizes;

(b) materials;

(c) dimensions and allowable tolerances.

ASME/ANSI B16.22 - 1995 - Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings

The Standard establishes specifications for wrought copper and wrought copper alloy, solder-joint, seamless fittings, designed for use with seamless copper tube conforming to ASTM B 88 (water and general plumbing systems), B 280 (air conditioning and refrigeration service), and B 819 (medical gas systems), as well as fittings intended to be assembled with soldering materials conforming to ASTM B 32, brazing materials conforming to AWS A5.8, or with tapered pipe thread conforming to ASME B1.20.1. This Standard is allied with ASME B16.18, which covers cast copper alloy pressure fittings. It provides requirements for fitting ends suitable for soldering. This Standard covers:


(a) pressure temperature ratings;

(b) abbreviations for end connections;

(c) size and method of designating openings of fittings;

(d) marking;

(e) material;

(f) dimension and tolerances; and

(g) tests.

ASME/ANSI B16.23 - 1992 - Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings (DWV)

The Standard establishes specifications for cast copper alloy solder joint drainage fittings, designed for use in drain, waste, and vent (DWV) systems. These fittings are designed for use with seamless copper tube conforming to ASTM B 306, Copper Drainage Tube (DWV), as well as fittings intended to be assembled with soldering materials conforming to ASTM B 32, or tapered pipe thread conforming to ASME B1.20.1. This standard is allied with ASME B16.29, Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings - DWV. It provides requirements for fitting ends suitable for soldering. This standard covers:


(a) description;

(b) pitch (slope);

(c) abbreviations for end connections;

(d) sizes and methods for designing openings for reducing fittings;

(e) marking;

(f) material; and

(g) dimensions and tolerances.

ASME/ANSI B16.24 - 1991 (R1998) - Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

This Standard for Classes 25, 125, 250, and 800 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings covers:


(a) pressure temperature ratings,

(b) sizes and methods of designating openings for reduced fittings,

(c) marking,

(d) minimum requirements for materials,

(e) dimensions and tolerances,

(f) bolt, nut, and gasket dimensions, and

(g) tests.

ASME/ANSI B16.25 - 1997 - Buttwelding Ends

The Standard covers the preparation of butt welding ends of piping components to be joined into a piping system by welding. It includes requirements for welding bevels, for external and internal shaping of heavy-wall components, and for preparation of internal ends (including dimensions and tolerances). Coverage includes preparation for joints with the following.

(a) no backing rings;

(b) split or non continuous backing rings;

(c) solid or continuous backing rings;

(d) consumable insert rings;

(e) gas tungsten are welding (GTAW) of the root pass. Details of preparation for any backing ring must be specified in ordering the component.

ASME/ANSI B16.26 - 1988 - Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes

This standard for Cast Copper Alloy Fitting for Flared Copper Tubes covers:


(a) pressure rating;

(b) material;

(c) size;

(d) threading;

(e) marking.

ASME/ANSI B16.28 - 1994 - Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns

This Standard covers ratings, overall dimensions, testing, tolerances, and markings for wrought carbon and alloy steel buttwelding short radius elbows and returns. The term wrought denotes fittings made of pipe, tubing, plate, or forgings.


ASME/ANSI B16.29 - 1994 - Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings (DWV)

The standard for wrought copper and wrought copper alloy solder joint drainage fittings, designed for use with copper drainage tube, covers:


(a) Description,

(b) Pitch (slope),

(c) Abbreviations for End Connections,

(d) Sizes and Method of Designating Openings for Reducing Fittings,

(e) Marking,

(f) Material,

(g) Dimensions and Tolerances.

ASME/ANSI B16.33 - 1990 - Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for Use in Gas Piping Systems Up to 125 psig

General This Standard covers requirements for manually operated metallic valves sizes NPS 1.2 through NPS 2, for outdoor installation as gas shut-off valves at the end of the gas service line and before the gas regulator and meter where the designated gauge pressure of the gas piping system does not exceed 125 psi (8.6 bar). The Standard applies to valves operated in a temperature environment between .20 degrees F and 150 degrees F (.29 degrees C and 66 degrees C). Design This Standard sets forth the minimum capabilities, characteristics, and properties, which a valve at the time of manufacture must possess, in order to be considered suitable for use in gas piping systems.


ASME/ANSI B16.34 - 1996 - Valves - Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End

This standard applies to new valve construction and covers pressure-temperature ratings, dimensions, tolerances, materials, nondestructive examination requirements, testing, and marking for cast, forged, and fabricated flanged, threaded, and welding end, and wafer or flangeless valves of steel, nickel-base alloys, and other alloys shown in Table 1. Wafer or flangeless valves, bolted or through-bolt types, that are installed between flanges or against a flange shall be treated as flanged end valves.


ASME/ANSI B16.36 - 1996 - Orifice Flanges

This Standard covers flanges (similar to those covered in ASME B16.5) that have orifice pressure differential connections. Coverage is limited to the following:


(a) welding neck flanges Classes 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500

(b) slip-on and threaded Class 300

Orifice, Nozzle and Venturi Flow Rate Meters

ASME/ANSI B16.38 - 1985 (R1994) - Large Metallic Valves for Gas Distribution

The standard covers only manually operated metallic valves in nominal pipe sizes 2 1/2 through 12 having the inlet and outlet on a common centre line, which are suitable for controlling the flow of gas from open to fully closed, for use in distribution and service lines where the maximum gage pressure at which such distribution piping systems may be operated in accordance with the code of federal regulations (cfr), title 49, part 192, transportation of natural and other gas by pipeline; minimum safety standard, does not exceed 125 psi (8.6 bar). Valve seats, seals and stem packing may be non-metallic.


ASME/ANSI B16.39 - 1986 (R1998) - Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions

This Standard for threaded malleable iron unions, classes 150, 250, and 300, provides requirements for the following:


(a) design

(b) pressure-temperature ratings

(c) size

(d) marking

(e) materials

(f) joints and seats

(g) threads

(h) hydrostatic strength

(i) tensile strength

(j) air pressure test

(k) sampling

(l) coatings

(m) dimensions

ASME/ANSI B16.40 - 1985 (R1994) - Manually Operated Thermoplastic Gas

The Standard covers manually operated thermoplastic valves in nominal sizes 1.2 through 6 (as shown in Table 5). These valves are suitable for use below ground in thermoplastic distribution mains and service lines. The maximum pressure at which such distribution piping systems may be operated is in accordance with the Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) Title 49, Part 192, Transportation of Natural and Other Gas by Pipeline; Minimum Safety Standards, for temperature ranges of .20 deg. F to 100 deg. F (.29 deg. C to 38 deg. C). This Standard sets qualification requirements for each nominal valve size for each valve design as a necessary condition for demonstrating conformance to this Standard. This Standard sets requirements for newly manufactured valves for use in below ground piping systems for natural gas [includes synthetic natural gas (SNG)], and liquefied petroleum (LP) gases (distributed as a vapor, with or without the admixture of air) or mixtures thereof.


ASME/ANSI B16.42 - 1998 - Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150 and 300

The Standard covers minimum requirements for Class 150 and 300 cast ductile iron pipe flanges and flanged fittings. The requirements covered are as follows:


(a) pressure-temperature ratings

(b) sizes and method of designating openings

(c) marking

(d) materials

(e) dimensions and tolerances

(f) blots, nuts, and gaskets

(g) tests

ASME/ANSIB16.44 - 1995 - Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for Use in House Piping Systems

This Standard applies to new valve construction and covers quarter turn manually operated metallic valves in sizes NPS 1/2-2 which are intended for indoor installation as gas shutoff valves when installed in indoor gas piping between a gas meter outlet & the inlet connection to a gas appliance.


ASME/ANSI B16.45 - 1998 - Cast Iron Fittings for Sovent Drainage Systems

The Standard for cast iron drainage fittings used on self-aerating, one-pipe Solvent drainage systems, covers the following:


(a) description

(b) sizes and methods for designating openings for reducing fittings

(c) marking

(d) material

(e) pitch

(f) design

(g) dimensions and tolerances

(h) tests

ASME/ANSI B16.47 - 1996 - Large Diameter Steel Flanges: NPS 26 through NPS 60

This Standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking, and testing for pipe flanges in sizes NPS 26 through NPS 60 and in ratings Classes 75, 150,0300, 400, 600, and 900. Flanges may be cast, forged, or plate (for blind flanges only) materials. Requirements and recommendations regarding bolting and gaskets are also included.


ASME/ANSI B16.48 - 1997 - Steel Line Blanks

The Standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking, and testing for operating line blanks in sizes NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 for installation between ASME B16. 5 flanges in the 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 pressure classes.


ASME/ANSI B16.49 - 2000 - Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt-welding Induction Bends for Transportation and Distribution Systems

This Standard covers design, material, manufacturing, testing, marking, and inspection requirements for factory-made pipeline bends of carbon steel materials having controlled chemistry and mechanical properties, produced by the induction bending process, with or without tangents. This Standard covers induction bends for transportation and distribution piping applications (e.g., ASME B31.4, B31.8, and B31.11) Process and power piping have differing requirements and materials that may not be appropriate for the restrictions and examinations described herein, and therefore are not included in this Standard




Bleed rings

What is a Bleed Ring?

A bleed ring is a ring section with one or more radial pipe connections designed to fit between standard flanges within the bolt circle, using conventional gasket material. The ring normally comes with a 3/4" tapped or 1/2" socket weld for connecting with valves and instruments. The face of the ring can also be made to matched with any flange type. A bleed ring has different sizes based on the ANSI flange rating of the process piping.


A bleed ring can be used instead of an Orifice Flange union. It is easier to install and cheaper than installing orifice flanges, especially in a brown field application. It comes in many different materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, PVC, ect., depending on the use. They provide a convenient way of draining piping, taking samples, attaching instruments or even bleeding of a valve. When used with a valve and Blind Flange, it allows you to relieve the pressure if your valve is leaking before you remove the flange.

Bleed ring used to vent between two gate valves

Single outlet bleed ring

Bleed rings can have more than one outlet.

Bleed ring with PI (pressure indicator)

Standards

ASME Standards

ASME B16.5 - Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard

ASME B16.20 - Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges: Ring-Joint, Spiral-Wound, and Jacketed

ASME B16.47 - Large Diameter Steel Flanges: NPS 26 Through NPS 60 Metric/Inch Standard

ASME B16.48 - Line Blanks

Bleed Ring - Similar to a Spacer Ring (no handle); a Bleed Ring is a ring section with one or more radial pipe connections. A Bleed Ring fits inside the bolt circle between two standard flanges connecting to a valve or instrument. Used to relieve pressure or drain fluids. Available in Raised Face or RTJ Styles.

Technical Specifications:

Thicknesses are based on ASME B16.48 specifications or the products can be manufactured to customer specifications.

Standard surface finish is 125-250 RMS serrated finish. Other finishes available upon request.

c/w a standard shop primer on carbon steel products for rust inhibitor purposes.

Standard materials for manufacturing are: SA516 Gr. 70N, 316/316L Stainless Steel, 304/304L Stainless Steel and Chrome-moly. Other alloys can be employed upon request.

Blind flanges

Blind Flanges

A Blind flange is round plate which has all of the relevant boltholes but no centre hole, and because of this feature this flange is used to close off the ends of a piping systems and pressure vessel openings. It also permits easy access to the interior of a line or vessel once it has been sealed and must be reopened.

Blind Flanges are commonly used in petrochemical, pipe Engineering , public services & water works.

blind flange blind flange

Balenge offer a range of blind flanges that are precision-engineered using best quality raw material. Our range is in compliance with set industrial standards and known for accurate size and durability. Further, our blind flanges are available in different specifications to suit the varied requirements of our clients.

Blind Pipe Flanges

These pipe flanges are used to seal the end of piping systems or pressure vessel openings. They are commonly used for testing the flow of gas or liquid through a pipe or vessel. Blind pipe flanges also allow for easy access to the pipe in case work must be done inside the line. They are oftentimes used for high pressure applications. Slip on Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 96". We provide these types of flanges in all material grades, specifications and sizes.

Blind Pipe Flanges

Blind pipe flanges are typically provided with a raised face, flat face, or RTJ facing. When a raised face is necessary for blind pipe flanges, the standard height is 1/16" for blind pipe flanges under 400#. For blind pipe flanges of 400# and up, the standard blind pipe flange raised face height is 1/4".

Balcombe Engineering manufactures blind pipe flanges in all steel material grades, including carbon blind pipe flanges, stainless steel blind pipe flanges and alloy blind pipe flanges. Balcombe Engineering also has many different blind pipe flanges in stock and ready to ship. Blind pipe flanges in stock include ANSI B16.5 blind pipe flanges, ASME B16.47 Series "A" blind pipe flanges, ASME B16.47 Series "B" blind pipe flanges and Pressure Vessel weld neck pipe flanges. Balcombe Engineering s also manufactures custom weld neck pipe flanges per customer requirements.

Slip-On Pipe Flanges

As made obvious by their name, these pipe flanges slip over the pipe. They're manufactured with an inside diameter that is slightly bigger than the pipe's outside diameter. These attachments are connected to the pipe via fillet weld at the top and bottom of the flange.

Slip on pipe flanges are typically provided with a raised or flat face. When a raised face is necessary for slip on pipe flanges, the standard height is 1/16" for slip on pipe flanges under 400#. For slip on pipe flanges of 400# and up, the standard slip on pipe flange raised face height is 1/4".

Balcombe Engineering manufactures slip on pipe flanges in all steel material grades, including carbon slip on pipe flanges, stainless steel slip on pipe flanges and alloy slip on pipe flanges. Balcombe Engineering also has many different slip on pipe flanges in stock and ready to ship. Slip on pipe flanges in stock include AWWA slip on pipe flanges, ANSI slip on pipe flanges, Pressure Vessel slip on pipe flanges and slip on pipe flanges that match the OD and drilling of ASME flanges.


Lap Joint Pipe Flanges

Lap joint pipe flanges slide directly over the pipe and are most commonly used with stub end fittings. A pipe is usually welded to the Stub End and the Lap Joint pipe flange is free to rotate around the stub end. The benefit of this is that there will not be any issues with bolt hole alignment. Lap Joint pipe flanges are often used for applications that require frequent dismantling.

lap joint pipe flanges

Slip on Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 24". Sizes above 24" are produced as lap joints to slip on dimensions. Balcombe Engineering provides Lap Joint pipe flanges in all material grades, specifications and sizes.

Balcombe Engineering manufactures lap joint pipe flanges in all steel material grades, including carbon lap joint pipe flanges, stainless steel lap joint pipe flanges and alloy lap joint pipe flanges. Balcombe Engineering also has many different lap joint pipe flanges in stock and ready to ship. Balcombe Engineering can also manufacture custom pipe flanges according to customer specifications.


Threaded Pipe Flanges

Threaded pipe flanges are similar to slip-on pipe flanges except the bore of threaded pipe flange has tapered threads. Threaded pipe flanges are used with pipes that have external threads. The benefit of these pipe flanges is that it can be attached without welding. Threaded pipe flanges are often used for small diameter, high pressure requirements. Slip on Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 24". Balcombe Engineering provides Slip-On pipe flanges in all material grades, specifications and sizes.

Threaded pipe flanges

Threaded pipe flanges are typically provided with a raised face, flat face, or RTJ facing. When a raised face is necessary for threaded pipe flanges, the standard height is 1/16" for threaded pipe flanges under 400#. For threaded pipe flanges of 400# and up, the standard threaded pipe flange raised face height is 1/4".

Balcombe Engineering manufactures threaded pipe flanges in all steel material grades, including carbon threaded pipe flanges, stainless steel threaded pipe flanges and alloy threaded pipe flanges. Balcombe Engineering also has many different threaded pipe flanges in stock and ready to ship.



Socket Weld Pipe Flanges

Socket-weld pipe flanges are typically used on smaller sizes of high pressure pipes. These pipe flanges are attached by inserting the pipe into the socket end and applying fillet weld around the top. This allows for a smooth bore and better flow of the fluid or gas inside of the pipe. Slip on Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 24". Balcombe Engineering provides Socket Weld pipe flanges in all material grades, specifications and sizes.

Socket weld pipe flanges

Socket Weld pipe flanges are typically provided with a raised face, flat face, or RTJ facing. When a raised face is necessary for socket weld pipe flanges, the standard height is 1/16" for socket weld pipe flanges under 400#. For socket weld pipe flanges of 400# and up, the standard socket weld pipe flange raised face height is 1/4".


Balcombe Engineering manufactures socket weld pipe flanges in all steel material grades, including carbon socket weld pipe flanges, stainless steel socket weld pipe flanges and alloy socket weld pipe flanges. Balcombe Engineering also has many different socket weld pipe flanges in stock and ready to ship

Din flanges

Commonly found in industrial settings, Din flanges are available in various shapes and sizes, and can be constructed from various types of material, such as steel, brass, or aluminium. The type of material that flanges are made from, however, does not have any bearing on flange sizes. Industrial standards are in place to ensure that mating flanges match, although different countries employ their own sets of standards. In the United States, for instance, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) or American National Standards Institute (ANSI) regulate flange standards. When it comes to German flange manufacturing standards, on the other hand, the governing body is the German Institute of Standardization or Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN).

Essentially, designation as a DIN flange means that a flange has been constructed in accordance with the guidelines of the German Institute of Standardization. In other words, the set of standards a manufacturer follows during the construction of a flange determines whether it is a DIN flange, an ASME flange, or an ANSI flange. For a particular project, it is important to maintain consistency in the type of flanges used, since a DIN flange may not exactly match an ASME or an ANSI flange.

Flange sizes often require more attention than the materials used in their construction, and these sizes are determined by the ASME, ANSI or DIN flange standards. The reason for this is that flanges belonging to a particular system are designed to exactly match other flanges of the same size in the same system. Two identical flanges that are or will inevitably be connected are known as mating flanges. Only when the sizes are a perfect match will mating flanges connect properly.

In the United States, the governing bodies that provide the guidelines used in flange construction, ASME and ANSI, provide a set of standards that all American flange manufacturers can follow. Likewise, the German Institute of Standardization provides this same service for its flange manufacturers. This ensures that any one brand of flange will match the same size from another maker, since replacing flanges often involves locating other flanges that will be exact matches, or mating flanges. Knowing which type of flange must be replaced — whether a DIN flange, an ASME flange, or an ANSI flange — can make finding the replacement significantly easier by ruling out the other types as options. In most cases, one style of flange will not replace another; for example, it is highly unlikely that an ASME flange could replace a DIN flange.


Injection nozzles

Line blinds

Line Blinds Quick change Spectacle Blinds

Line Blinds are an assembly that makes the process of blanking off a line into a simple procedure. Our design accomplishes the task without the use of any tools. The operator simply turns the handle and swings or slides the plate. The blind is designed to be an integral piping component. It is fully ANSI rated and involves no spreading of the pipe. Available in sizes 3/4” to 44”. Available in classes to 1500# depending on size. The blind design can be either Swinging as shown below or Sliding (as seen in our videos) in the larger sizes to support the weight.

Reasons to use Line Blinds

A: A line blind can be changed in minutes saving labor costs every time it is used

B: A line blind gives a visual indicator of line condition

C: You can blank a line with one person even in the largest sizes

D: No tools required

E: No spreading of the pipe so no sagging when changing

F: Since the blind is a solid plate, there is zero down stream leakage

lineblind_12.jpg

Common Applications:

Tank Farms

Steam lines

Cement Plants

Loading Stations

Feed lines

Mining

Pharmaceutical Plants

Shipping terminals

Paper Mills

Cryogenic plants

Refineries

Pipelines

Pigging Stations

Cokers

Line Blind Valves for Positive Isolation

Line Blinds Valves are an automated option for a spectacle blind or figure 8 blind. They are often used along with block and bleed valve assemblies meant to provide positive isolation for maintenance on process facilities. After that block and bleed valve is closed and equipment is depressurized and drained, the line blind valve can be operated by a hand wheel or automated actuation to rotate the blind into a closed position to provide additional isolation from process fluids entering the maintenance area.

The whole idea of a spectacle blind is so that one can be absolutely sure that an item of equipment is properly and securely blanked off with no possibility of any flow or leakage through a valve during maintenance.

The flow can be diverted to other items of equipment but not just bypassed around the blank as this would compromise the safety function of the line blind valve. The flow has to valved off and pressure relieved prior to operating the line blind valve loosening flange bolts and swinging the blind.

Reasons to use Line Blind Valves

A: A line blind can be changed in minutes saving labor costs every time it is used

B: A line blind gives a visual indicator of line condition

C: You can blank a line with one person even in the largest sizes

D: No tools required

E: No spreading of the pipe so no sagging when changing

F: Since the blind is a solid plate, there is zero downstream leakage


Pipe flanges

Definition and Details of Flanges - What is a Pipe Flange?

Pipe Flanges General

A Pipe flange is a method of connecting pipes, valves, pumps and other equipment to form a piping system. It also provides easy access for cleaning, inspection or modification. Flanges are usually welded or screwed. Flanged joints are made by bolting together two flanges with a gasket between them to provide a seal.

Types of Flanges

The most used flange types in Petro and chemical industry are:

Most used flange types in Petro and chemical industry

Welding Neck Flange

Slip On Flange

Socket Weld Flange

Lap Joint Flange

Threaded Flange

Blind Flange

All types except the Lap Joint flange are provided with a raised flange face.

Special Flanges

Except the most used standard flanges, there are still a number of special flanges such as:

Orifice Flanges

Long Welding Neck Flanges

Weldoflange / Nipoflange

Expander Flange

Reducing Flange

Special flanges

Materials for Flanges

Pipe flanges are manufactured in all the different materials like stainless steel, cast iron, aluminium, brass, bronze, plastic etc. but the most used material is forged carbon steel and have machined surfaces.

In addition, flanges, like fittings and pipes, for specific purposes sometimes internally equipped with layers of materials of a completely different quality as the flanges themselves, which are "lined flanges".

The material of a flange, is basically set during the choice of the pipe, in most cases, a flange is of the same material as the pipe.

All flanges, discussed on this website fall under the ASME en ASTM standards, unless otherwise indicated. ASME B16.5 describes dimensions, dimensional tolerances etc. and ASTM the different material qualities.

Dimensions of Flanges

Each flange according to ASME B16.5 has a number of standard dimensions. If a draftsman in Japan or a work preparer in Canada or a pipefitter in Australia is speaking about a Welding Neck flange NPS 6, Class 150, Schedule 40 ASME B16.5, then it goes over the flange which in the image here below is shown.

If the flange is ordered, the supplier want to know the material quality. For example ASTM A105 is a forged carbon steel flange, while A182 is a forged stainless steel flange.

So, in a correct order to a supplier two standards must be specified:

Welding Neck flange NPS 6, Class 150, Schedule 40, ASME B16.5 / ASTM A105

Welding Neck flange NPS 6, Class 150, S40

The flange above has 8 bolt holes, and a welding bevel of 37.5 degrees (red circle). All given dimensions are in millimetres. The raised face (RF) does not need to be specified, because according to ASME B16.5, each flange is standard delivered with a raised face. Only a different design (Ring Type Joint (RTJ), Flat Face (FF) etc.), should be specified.

Bolted Flange connections

A bolted flange connection is a complex combination of many factors (Flange, Bolts, Process, Temperature, Pressure, and Medium). All these various elements are interrelated and depend upon one another to achieve a successful result.

The reliability of the flanged joint depends critically upon competent control of the joint making process.

Typical bolted flange connection

Typical flange connection

Quoting from John H. Bickford's book, "An Introduction to the Design and Behaviour of Bolted Joints":

That all important clamping force which holds the joint together - and without which there would be no joint - is not created by a good joint designer, nor by high quality parts. It is created by the mechanic on the job site, using the tools, procedures, and working conditions we have provided him with... And further: The final, essential creator of the force is the mechanic, and the time of creation is during assembly. So it's very important for us to understand this process.

The industry has recognized the critical nature of installation and assembly for several years.

In Europe, the emphasis has been on ensuring that joint making is undertaken by trained and validated technicians and this has led to the publication of a European Technical standard: TS EN 1591 Part 4 entitled "Flanges and their joints. Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections. Qualification of personnel competency in the assembly of bolted joints fitted to equipment subject to the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED)".

The standard provides a methodology for the training and assessment of technicians involved in the making and breaking of flange joints and can be viewed as being analogous to the training required for welders involved with pressure vessel work. Its publication demonstrates the importance placed upon the competent control of joint making process in ensuring leak-free performance from the flange.

The gasket is but one of many reasons a bolted flange joint connection can leak.

Even when all the complex inter-related components of a bolted joint flange connection work in perfect harmony, the single most important factor leading to success or failure of that bolted flange connection will be attention given to proper installation and assembly procedures by the person installing the gasket. If done properly, the assembly will remain leak-free for the target life expectancy.

Flanged connections versus Welded connections

There are no standards that define whether or not flange connections may be used.

In a newly built factory is customary to minimize flange connections, because only one weld is needed to connect two pieces of pipe. This saves the costs of two flanges, the gasket, the Stud Bolts, the second weld, the cost of NDT for the second weld, etc..

Some other disadvantages of flange connections:

Each flange connection can leak (some people claim that a flange connection is never 100 percent leak proof).

Flanged pipe systems need much more space (just think of a pipe rack).

Insulation of flanged pipe systems is more expensive (special flange caps).

Of course, flange connections have great benefits; some examples:

A new line can contain multiple pipe spools and can be manufactured in a workshop.

This pipe spools can be assembled in the plant without the need to be welded.

NDO (X-ray, Hydro test etc.) in the plant is not necessary, because this has been done in the workshop.

Blasting and painting in the plant is not necessary, because even this has been done in a workshop

(only paint damages during installation should be repaired).

As with many things, everything has its pros and cons.



Sample pots for Flanges and Valves

Sample pots for Flanges and Valves

A sample pot sits on the side of a process vessel and is used to allow an operator to safely take a sample.

The process may be at 150 Deg C. The fluid comes out of the process and is cooled in the sample pot so it is manageable when collected.

It is basically a drum filled with plant “chilled” water with a small pipe going through the chilled water. When a tap on the small pipe is opened the process fluid is cooled in the pipe and can be safely collected.

Sample pots for Flanges and Valves

Balcombe Engineering has the capability, staff and experience in managing large projects. We understand that these items have a detailed specification, documentation requirements and specific delivery requirements. We have the expertise to deliver on all special requirements that the client requests.

These large Sample pots for Flanges and Valves projects are of critical importance to our clients, and require detailed communication during completion. To facilitate this Balcombe allocate a project manager to each project, giving the client a single source of contact and to ensure the project is constantly monitored as it progresses. The project manager supplies weekly progress reports as well as regular adjustments to priorities to ensure the clients sometimes shifting requirements are met.

Packed crates waiting for a packaging inspection

Ensuring that timelines are followed is an important factor in project work, and at Balcombe we ensure that we always meet the client’s program delivery expectations. Balcombe can deliver most urgently required items in less than 10 days, whilst project lots can be delivered in 9-12 weeks. When clients require access to very rapid deliveries for last minute and commissioning items, Balcombe will endeavour to rapidly produce these items in a few days.

Sample pots for Flanges and Valves Project orders are characterized by volumes of items destined for a specific plant. In these instances the items are usually heavily specified and may include any or all of the following special requirements.

Sample pots for Flanges and Valves

Specific materials

Chemical and mechanical testing

Pressure testing

Positive Material Identification

Special stamping

Colour coding

Weld procedures

Traceability

Prescribed Documentation

Inspections

Detailed packing

Special Labelling

Invoice and Packing list formats

Part of a batch of pipeline flanges for a Desalination Plant

The range of Sample pots for Flanges and Valves products supplied for these projects varies widely and may be quite simple such as standard flanges through to complex tubeplates / tubesheets, baffles and nozzles.

Items are for a plant or pipeline that is being constructed under a schedule, so the timelines are prescribed and rigorous. Often clients require access to very rapid delivery’s for last minute items and commissioning items.

The Hallam facility has been custom designed to accommodate large project work. Suitable areas are available where work can be laid out and inspected by client inspectors. Sometimes the plant construction can lag behind schedule, so storage is often made available to clients so the items can be completed and then held until required on site.

Sample pots for Flanges and Valves

Spectacle blinds

What is a Spectacle Blind?

A spectacle blind is a safety device used to isolate a section of line or piece of equipment when the line or equipment needs to be inspected or removed from service. It is different than a valve in that the blind is a permanent or long term isolation device.

A spectacle blind is machined from a single piece of metal that is cut to match the pipe size, fit between two pipe flanges and requires an additional gasket when it is installed. Also, the bolts will need to be lengthened depending on what piping class and size blind is used. The thickness of the spectacle blind is specified based on the line pressure and pipe size.

The specification that determines the dimensions of a spectacle blinds is ASME B16.48 - Line Blanks. A line blank conforming to this standard will be marked in the following way:

B16

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS)

Nominal Pressure Class

Material

Manufacturer's Name

If RTJ, the ring number

One end of the blind will have an opening to allow flow through the pipe during operation and the other end is solid to block flow during maintenance.

Spec Blind - line open

Spec Blind - line closed

Spec Blind - line open

Ring Spacer

Ring spacers are bored to the matching pipe ID and are the same thickness as the "single blind" that it replaces. When removing a "single blind", either the flange and associated piping must be pulled together to seal the line, or a "ring spacer" must be installed to fill the gap. Thick single blinds or rigid piping systems normally require ring spacers.

Single/Line Blind or Blank

A positive shut-off device normally installed adjacent to, or in conjunction with, a valve. Their purpose is to prevent accidental flow through a pipeline to a vessel. With the exception of cast iron, plastic, or fiberglass services, they are not drilled with bolt holes, but fit inside the bolt circle of mating flanges. Pipeline blinds or blanks are not the same as bolting blind flanges. Single blinds use standard gaskets.

A combination of a "single blind' and a "ring spacer" can be fabricated for field convenience as a single unit. Weight consideration and the associated difficulty of handling heavy pieces in the field are a primary consideration in specifying a "spectacle blind" or a combination of blinds. Spectacle blinds are meant to be rotated to change blind/spacer orientation.

Spectacle Blind

A spec blind is a combination of a ring spacer and single blind. They are usually permanently installed in a piping system and rotated as needed.

Vapor Blind

Similar to a "single blind", but thinner, normally 1/8" (3mm) to 5/16" (8mm) thick. These are positive sealing devices intended to prevent accidental flow or leakage of vapors into a pipeline or vessel, usually while the system is in service. Vapor blinds are not to be subject to differential pressure.

Test Blank

A test blank is specially designed blank used for hydrostatic or other incompressible fluid testing purposes only. Their advantage is cost and weight savings since higher allowable stress values (or lower safety factors) are used in their design.

Standards

ASME Standards

ASME B16.5 - Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard

ASME B16.20 - Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges: Ring-Joint, Spiral-Wound, and Jacketed

ASME B16.47 - Large Diameter Steel Flanges: NPS 26 Through NPS 60 Metric/Inch Standard

ASME B16.48 - Line Blanks

Read more: http://www.piping-designer.com/Spectacle_Blind#ixzz3jsVEUtOw

An '8 blind' or a 'spectacle blind' is a piping fitting that is used for providing positive isolation. It consists of a pair of metal discs attached to each other as shown in the figure.

These metal discs are cut to fit between two pipe flanges and usually sandwiched between two gaskets. One of the metal discs is solid and is used for blinding or isolating the pipe, during maintenance. The other metal disc has a circular hole to match the pipe internal diameter, as shown in the figure. The function of this disc is to allow the flow through the pipe during normal operation.

Two discs are attached to each other using a metal piece with a small hole in it which can be used for rotating the 8 blind / spectacle blind. So during normal operation the solid disc is outside the pipe and hollow disc allows the flow through the pipe. During maintenance this 8 blind is rotated so that the hollow disc is outside the pipe while solid disc blocks or isolates the fluid flow on one side of the pipe.

The name spectacle blind comes from the spectacle like appearance of the device and the name 8 blind originates from the two circular discs used to make the device. They are generally installed as a permanent device to separate process piping systems.

They are often used along with block and bleed valve assemblies meant to provide positive isolation for maintenance on the process facilities. After that block and bleed valve is closed and equipment is depressurized and drained, the 8 blind / spectacle blind can be rotated into close position to provide additional isolation from process fluids entering the maintenance area.

The whole idea of a spectacle blind is so that one can be absolutely sure that an item of equipment is properly and securely blanked off with no possibility of any flow or leakage through a valve during maintenance.

The flow can be diverted to other items of equipment but not just bypassed around the blank as this would compromise the safety function of the spectacle blind. The flow has to valved off and pressure relieved prior to loosening flange bolts and swinging the blind.


Steel flanges Stainless flanges

Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings and Flanges

Product Stocking and Processing Service Program

Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings and Flanges

Manufacture Welded and Seamless

Size Range DN6 - DN600

Grades 304/304L, 316/316L, 2205

Wall Thickness Sch 10S, 40S, 80S

Type Butt weld, Screwed & socket, Flanges

Shapes Elbows, Tees, Reducers, Caps, Stub ends, Flanges (ANSI, Table E & Table D)

The information provided is for standard stock product and does not encapsulate all available combinations. Please contact the nearest Balenge Steels sales outlet if non standard product is required and we will enquire about its availability through our global supply network of mills and stockists.

For further technical information on these products refer to the relevant section of the Balenge Product Reference Manual. There is other technical and product information contained within the Technical Library of this website.

Balenge Steels locations and contacts can be found in main menu of this website.

Fittings and Flanges for Stainless Steel Pipe

Stainless steel piping systems can be joined by butt welding and, in the heavier 40S and 80S schedules, with threaded connections.

The fabrication of piping systems is made possible by the availability of complementary fittings and flanges. These are specified by the same DN or NPS designator and schedule numbering system as for pipe and enable joining to each other and to equipment such as vessels and valves.

Butt welding pipe fittings

A piping system using butt welding fittings has many inherent advantages over other forms.

Welding a fitting to the pipe means that it is permanently leakproof.

The continuous metal structure formed between pipe and fitting adds strength to the system.

Smooth inner surface and gradual direction changes reduce pressure losses and turbulence and minimise the action of corrosion and erosion.

A welded system utilises a minimum of installation space.

Balenge Steels supply butt welding fittings in the following configuration.


Elbows 45 and 90 - long radius and short radius.

Return bends 180? - long radius and short radius.

Reducers - concentric and eccentric.

Tees - equal and reducing.

Caps.

Stub ends - Type B.

Butt welding fittings can be supplied in either seamless or welded construction and are covered by specifications:

ASTM A403M and ASTM A815M for Duplex grades.

Screwed and socket weld fittings

Piping systems can be connected using screwed fittings - BSP threaded ("150lb") low pressure fittings and NPT class 3000 high pressure fittings in Grade 316.

Socket weld fittings are used in high pressure piping systems and available in grade 316L to suit schedule 80S wall thickness piping.

Manufacturing specification:

ASTM A182M (3000lb NPT and socket weld).

ANSI B16.3 (BSP dimensions)

ISO 4144 (BSP dimensions)

Pipe flanges

A flange is a ring of steel (forged, cut from plate, or rolled) designed to connect sections of pipe, or to join pipe to a pressure vessel, valve, pump or other integral flanged assembly. Flanges are joined to each other by bolts, and to the piping system by welding or threading (or loose when stub ends are used).

The basic types of flanges are:

slip-on

socket weld

blind

lap joint

weld neck

orifice

threaded

Forged stainless steel flanges are designed to the following common pressure ratings:

Classes 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500. Standard sealing face is Raised Face (RF).

Manufacturing specification: ASTM A182M

Plate stainless steel flanges are cut and machined from plate - Table 'D', Table 'E', etc.

Manufacturing specification: AS2129.

Types and applications of flanges

Slip-on flanges The flange is slipped over the pipe and then welded both inside and outside to provide sufficient strength and prevent leakage. Slip-on flanges are also used as loose back-up flanges when stub ends are used.

Blind flanges This is a flange without a centre bore, used to shut off a piping system or vessel opening

Weld neck flanges This is a flange without a centre bore, used to shut off a piping system or vessel opening

Lap joint flanges This is again similar to a slip-on flange, but has a radius at the intersection of the centre bore and the flange face to accommodate a lap stub end.

Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges

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Tube plates Weldnecks

Weld Neck Pipe Flanges

These pipe flanges attach by welding the pipe to the neck of the flange. This transfers stress from the flange to the pipe instead. It also reduces the stress concentration from the base of the hub. Weld neck flanges are often used for applications where high pressure is a factor. The inside diameter of the flange is designed to match the pipe's inside diameter. Weld Neck Pipe flanges with a hub have published specifications that range from 1/2" thru 96". Our company provides these in all material grades, specifications and sizes.

Weld neck pipe flanges are typically provided with a raised face, flat face, or RTJ facing. When a raised face is necessary for weld neck pipe flanges, the standard height is 1/16" for weld neck pipe flanges under 400#. For weld neck pipe flanges of 400# and up, the standard weld neck pipe flange raised face height is 1/4".

Balcombe Engineering manufactures weld neck pipe flanges in all steel material grades, including carbon weld neck pipe flanges, stainless steel weld neck pipe flanges and alloy weld neck pipe flanges. Balcombe Engineering also has many different weld neck pipe flanges in stock and ready to ship. Weld neck pipe flanges in stock include ANSI B16.5 weld neck pipe flanges, ASME B16.47 Series "A" weld neck pipe flanges, ASME B16.47 Series "B" weld neck pipe flanges, Pressure Vessel weld neck pipe flanges. Balcombe Engineering s also manufactures custom weld neck pipe flanges per customer requirements.


Manways

BALENGE MANWAYS, has produced In-Swing and Out-Swing Manways and Watertight doors that offer safe, dependable quick-opening access into steel, concrete and poly storage or processing tanks.

Our primary product, the Chase Quick-Opening Hidden-Hinged Manway, provides immediate access of personnel and equipment into OSHA Permit-Required Confined Spaces such as tile-lined chests, steel tanks and processing vessels. Over 7000 Chase Quick-Opening Manways are providing tank maintenance access in Pulp & Paper manufacturing, Waste Water Treatment facilities, Ethanol Storage Tanks, Municipal Water Storage Tanks and other confined spaces.

Balnge Manways is the only manufacturer to produce manways and related watertight access doors as its primary product. With over 25 years of supplying our customers the highest quality ASME workmanship and prompt, reliable deliveries the Chase Manway has been accepted as a standard by Engineering firms and the manufacturing industry.

That is the reason we would like the opportunity to work with you on your access applications. When the job requires manways, think first of CHASE, THE MANWAY SPECIALISTS. We’re ready to help. Vessel manways, hand holes pose special sealing challenges

Balenge Sealing Technologies

Tags: maintenance and reliability

There are many types of flanged openings that serve as manways and hand holes, providing access into tanks and other types of closed vessels. Some use standard ASME-type flanges and are bolted much like flanged pipe connections. Internal manways and hand holes have covers or plates that fit inside a vessel and are drawn back against a gasket and external flange.

These designs pose a number of sealing challenges. For example, flange surfaces are often less than perfect. Moreover, a round cover will not fit through a round opening since it must be larger than the opening to serve its function. Therefore, gaskets for these flanges are usually oval or round so the covers can be turned sideways to fit through the openings.

Oval gaskets maintain a smooth curvature, providing sufficient hoop strength for manufacturing and installation. By contrast, round gaskets include a straight section that limits their radial strength. Manufactured to OEM specifications in a wide range of sizes, these gaskets are typically dimensioned from the inside diameter (ID). Both the major and minor axes are delineated, along with the flange width of the gasket. In gaskets incorporating an inner ring, the width of the ring must also be specified.

Figure 1. The single stud bolt on this manway cover will apply low, uneven compressive force on the gasket, sealing the flanged access to the vessel.

Internal manway covers sealed by these gaskets typically have just one or two stud bolts welded to the centre of the cover (Figure 1). These are fitted through a yoke that bridges the opening so the bolts can pull the cover back against the gasket. This bolting limitation, combined with the distance between the bolts and the gasket, results in low and often uneven compressive force.

Since the manway is inside a tank or vessel, the internal pressure acts differently on the assembly than it would on a conventional bolted flange connection. In the latter, the internal pressure acts to separate the flanges and unload the gasket. With a manway, the internal pressure actually pushes the flange into place, loading the gasket and, in many cases, generating more compressive force than the bolts (Figure 2). Notwithstanding, this dynamic, compressive load rarely reaches recommended levels.

Figure 2. The internal pressure on manway covers can exceed the compressive force of the bolts, serving to seat and load the gasket.

Pressure vessels commonly utilize internally seating and sometimes hinged doors for interior access. Such doors must be oriented so the internal system pressure generates sufficient stress to seat the manway gaskets. As the internal pressure increases, so does the stress on the gaskets, a factor that must be taken into account to optimally match gaskets to vessel design pressures. Lower-pressure systems call for softer, more easily deformed gaskets, but these are subject to blowout on the ends where the compression is low. Conversely, higher-pressure vessels require more rigid, higher-density seals such as metal reinforced gaskets, which can be difficult to seal.

For the purposes of this discussion, it is helpful to understand that a sealing surface is normally measured to the inside edge of the gasket. So, an oval shape will be expressed as inner width x inner length x gasket surface width – e.g. a gasket listed as 12 inches x 16 inches x 1 inch x 1/8 inch has inner measurements of 12″x 16″, with a 1″ flange width and ⅛″ thickness.

Gasketing

There are several different types of gaskets suitable for sealing manways and hand holes in pressure vessels. Spiral-wound gaskets are available for both lower pressure (less than 999 psi) and higher pressure (greater than or equal to 1,000 psi) applications. Although their compressive loads are usually below recommended levels, they typically seal effectively. Made from long strips of thin metal, wound and filled with a soft material between the windings, or wraps, these gaskets come in two configurations – windings only and windings with inner compression rings.

Lower-pressure systems dictate the use of a thicker grade of filler to make the gasket softer, whereas higher-pressure vessels require gaskets with a thinner gauge of filler. This not only increases the number of metal plies in the gasket, but also makes it denser and more capable of withstanding higher compressive loads. System pressure is exerted on the outside diameter (OD) of the gasket, which is seated at the door-to-vessel interface. This makes sealing failures readily apparent if the gasket is seen protruding toward the ID of the connection. Where this type of failure has been observed and in applications with high-pressure cycling, a solid metal inner ring can be designed for the gasket.

The first choice for manways with internal pressures under 1,000 psig are corrugated metal core gaskets with graphite facing (Figure 3). These gaskets consist of a relatively thick metal core that is corrugated to create concentric or parallel ridges and faced with graphite sheet material. They work best when the flange width of the gasket is one-half inch or greater. For flange widths less than one-half inch, the gasket supplier should be consulted.

Figure 3. Corrugated metal core gaskets with graphite facing are recommended for manways with internal pressures of less than 1,000 psig and flange width one-half inch or greater.

Flexible graphite sheets can be used to effectively seal boiler manholes and handholes as long as the gasket is at least one-half inch wide, and preferably three-quarters of an inch or more. For connections requiring a gasket width of less than one-half inch, spiral-wound gaskets should be used since uneven compressive load can adversely affect graphite sheet gasketing. Most graphite sheet gaskets contain a metal insert, and in some cases multiple inserts, to facilitate handling without damaging the gasket.

Figure 4. Balenge gaskets seal less-than-perfect flanges and withstand extreme temperature and pressure excursions.

Balenge gaskets (Figure 4) are an excellent alternative for applications where the available seating stress is too low for a spiral-wound gasket, but gasket cross-section, system pressures, surface irregularities and other conditions are not conducive to the use of flexible graphite or non-metallic gasketing materials. These type of gaskets consist of a metal ring with deep grooves and faced with a soft material such as expanded graphite, micro-cellular PTFE or expanded PTFE.

High compressibility, low-creep PTFE gaskets are biaxially oriented with either a micro-cellular structure or filled with micro-balloons. They have been used successfully in sealing manway and handhole flanges for chemical services, but are not usually recommended for steam/boiler applications. The chart below provides a quick reference for matching gaskets to service conditions.

Installation

Since manway and handhole gaskets are installed on the inside of a vessel, pressure-sensitive adhesives are sometimes used to affix them gasket to the covers. However, these adhesives soften or melt at steam temperatures, and may break down in chemical service.

Non-metallic gaskets should be installed without adhesive, but a few small spots of spray contact adhesive can be used to hold them in place. Metal gaskets are available with retention tabs to hold them in place during installation.

Sealing internal manways and handholes can be difficult given the pressure differentials and other conditions to which they are subjected. Most assemblies generate low compressive load during bolt-up, and some produce high compressive stresses when internal pressure is applied. Different types of gaskets are available to seal these openings, but their effectiveness will depend on selecting the right type of gasket, correctly dimensioned for the specific application.

Pressure vessel flanges

PRESSURE VESSEL AND PIPING


Construction of pressure vessels for power stations and chemical plants

Connecting flanges for pressure lines: Nozzles, LWN-flanges, skirt rings, tube sheets, caps, dished ends, forged tubes, seamless hot rolled rings, forgings for enamelling, special flanges for the construction of compensators.


Heat exchanger

Punched disks, caps, dished ends, tube sheets, forged tubes, seamless hot rolled rings, connecting flanges for pressure lines: nozzles, LWN-flanges, skirt rings


Piping

Flanges and blinds according to standard or as per customer drawing


Stripper columns, separators, splitter, columns, hydro treaters, hydro crackers, desalters, gas compression

Connecting flanges for pressure lines: nozzles, LWN-flanges, skirt flanges, tube sheets, caps, dished ends, forged tubes, seamless hot rolled rings Definition and Details of Flanges - Pressure Rating

Pressure Classes of Flanges

Forged steel flanges, according to ASME B16.5, are made in seven primary ratings:

Class 150 - 300 - 400 - 600 - 900 - 1500 - 2500

The concept of flange ratings likes clearly. A Class 300 flange can handle more pressure than a Class 150 flange, because a Class 300 flange are constructed with more metal and can withstand more pressure. However, there are a number of factors that can impact the pressure capability of a flange.

The Pressure Class or Rating for flanges will be given in pounds. Different names are used to indicate a Pressure Class.

For example: 150 Lb or 150 Lbs or 150# or Class 150, all are means the same.

Example of Pressure Rating

Flanges can withstand different pressures at different temperatures. As temperature increases, the pressure rating of the flange decreases. For example, a Class 150 flange is rated to approximately 270 PSIG at ambient conditions, 180 PSIG at approximately 400°F, 150 PSIG at approximately 600°F, and 75 PSIG at approximately 800°F.

In other words, when the pressure goes down, the temperature goes up and vice versa. Additional factors are that flanges can be constructed from different materials, such as stainless steel, cast and ductile iron, carbon steel etc.. Each material have different pressure ratings.

Below an example of a flange NPS 12 with the several pressure classes. As you can see, inner diameter and diameter of the raised face at all the same; but outside diameter, bolt circle and diameter of bolt holes become larger in each higher pressure class.

The number and diameters (mm) of the bolt holes are:

CL 150 - 12 x 25.4 CL 300 - 16 x 28.6 CL 400 - 16 x 34.9 CL 600 - 20 x 34.9

CL 900 - 20 x 38.1 CL 1500 - 16 x 54 CL 2500 - 12 x 73

Pressure classes 150 to 2500

Pressure-Temperature Ratings - Example -

Pressure-temperature ratings are maximum allowable working gage pressures in bar units at the temperatures in degrees celsius. For intermediate temperatures, linear interpolation is permitted. Interpolation between class designations is not permitted.

Pressure-temperature ratings apply to flanged joints that conform to the limitations on bolting and on gaskets, which are made up in accordance with good practice for alignment and assembly. Use of these ratings for flanged joints not conforming to these limitations is the responsibility of the user.

The temperature shown for a corresponding pressure rating is the temperature of the pressure-containing shell of the component. In general, this temperature is the same as that of the contained fluid. Use of a pressure rating corresponding to a temperature other than that of the contained fluid is the responsibility of the user, subject to the requirements of applicable codes and regulations. For any temperature below -29°C, the rating shall be no greater than the rating shown for -29°C.

As an example, below you will find two tables with material groups acc. to ASTM, and two other tables

with flange pressure-temperature ratings for those ASTM materials acc. to ASME B16.5.

ASTM Group 2-1.1 Materials ASTM Group 2-2.3 Materials

Nominal

Designation Forgings Castings Plates Nominal

Designation Forgings Castings Plates

C-Si A105(1) A216

Gr.WCB(1) A515

Gr.70(1) 16Cr 12Ni 2Mo A182

Gr.F316L ... A240

Gr.316L

C Mn Si A350

Gr.LF2(1) ... A516

Gr.70(1),(2) 18Cr 13Ni 3Mo A182

Gr.F317L ... ...

C Mn Si V A350

Gr.LF6 Cl 1(3) ... A537

Cl.1(4) 18Cr 8Ni A182

Gr.F304L(1) ... A240

Gr.304L(1)

3.1/2Ni A350

Gr.LF3 ... ...

Notes:

(1) Upon prolonged exposure to temperatures above 425°C, the carbide phase of steel may be converted to graphite. Permissible but not recommended for prolonged use above 425°C.

(2) Do not use over 455°C.

(3) Do not use over 260°C.

(4) Do not use over 370°C.

Note:

(1) Do not use over 425°C.

Pressure-Temperature Ratings for ASTM Group 2-1.1 Materials

Working pressure by Classes, BAR

Temp °C 150 300 400 600 900 1500 2500

-29 to 38 19.6 51.1 68.1 102.1 153.2 255.3 425.5

50 19.2 50.1 66.8 100.2 150.4 250.6 417.7

100 17.7 46.6 62.1 93.2 139.8 233 388.3

150 15.8 45.1 60.1 90.2 135.2 225.4 375.6

200 13.8 43.8 58.4 87.6 131.4 219 365

250 12.1 41.9 55.9 83.9 125.8 209.7 349.5

300 10.2 39.8 53.1 79.6 119.5 199.1 331.8

325 9.3 38.7 51.6 77.4 116.1 193.6 322.6

350 8.4 37.6 50.1 75.1 112.7 187.8 313

375 7.4 36.4 48.5 72.7 109.1 181.8 303.1

400 6.5 34.7 46.3 69.4 104.2 173.6 289.3

425 5.5 28.8 38.4 57.5 86.3 143.8 239.7

450 4.6 23 30.7 46 69 115 191.7

475 3.7 17.4 23.2 34.9 52.3 87.2 145.3

500 2.8 11.8 15.7 23.5 35.3 58.8 97.9

538 1.4 5.9 7.9 11.8 17.7 29.5 49.2

Temp °C 150 300 400 600 900 1500 2500

Pressure-Temperature Ratings for ASTM Group 2-2.3 Materials

Working pressure by Classes, BAR

Temp °C 150 300 400 600 900 1500 2500

-29 to 38 15.9 41.4 55.2 82.7 124.1 206.8 344.7

50 15.3 40 53.4 80 120.1 200.1 333.5

100 13.3 34.8 46.4 69.6 104.4 173.9 289.9

150 12 31.4 41.9 62.8 94.2 157 261.6

200 11.2 29.2 38.9 58.3 87.5 145.8 243

250 10.5 27.5 36.6 54.9 82.4 137.3 228.9

300 10 26.1 34.8 52.1 78.2 130.3 217.2

325 9.3 25.5 34 51 76.4 127.4 212.3

350 8.4 25.1 33.4 50.1 75.2 125.4 208.9

375 7.4 24.8 33 49.5 74.3 123.8 206.3

400 6.5 24.3 32.4 48.6 72.9 121.5 202.5

425 5.5 23.9 31.8 47.7 71.6 119.3 198.8

450 4.6 23.4 31.2 46.8 70.2 117.1 195.1

Temp °C 150 300 400 600 900 1500 2500

Most common flange types acc. to ASME B16.5

Remark(s) of the Author...

150lb - 150lbs - 150# - Class 150

LB is the origin of the Latin word libra (weighing scale), and describes a Roman unit of mass similar to a pound.

The full expression was librapondo, and "we" have invented acronyms such as:

lb = one pound, lbs = more pounds lbs, # = Abbreviation for pound

Text below is from World Wide Words and copyright © of Michael Quinion,

The form lb is actually an abbreviation of the Latin word libra, which could mean a pound, itself a shortened form of the full expression, libra pondo, "pound weight". The second word of this phrase, by the way, is the origin of the English pound.

You will also know Libra as the astrological sign, the seventh sign of the zodiac. In classical times that name was given to rather an uninspiring constellation, with no particularly bright stars in it. It was thought to represent scales or a balance, the main sense of libra in Latin, which is why it is often accompanied by the image of a pair of scales.

Libra for a pound is first found in English in the late fourteenth century, almost at the same time as lb started to be used. Strictly speaking again, this was the Roman pound of 12 ounces, not the more modern one of 16. And just to consolidate my reputation for careful description, modern metrologists, scientists who study units of measurements, would prefer that we don't use lbs at all; in scientific work, all units are singular.

Incidentally, another abbreviation for libra became the standard symbol for the British pound in the monetary sense. In modern times it is usually written £, an ornate form of L in which a pair of cross-strokes (often just one these days) were the way that a medieval scribe marked an abbreviation. The link between the two senses of pound, weight and money, is that in England a thousand years ago a pound in money was equivalent to the value of a pound of silver.



Orifice flanges

Definition and Details of Flanges - Orifice Flanges

Orifice flanges

Orifice Flanges are used with orifice meters for the purpose of measuring the flow rate of either liquids or gases in the respective pipeline. Pairs of pressure "Tappings", mostly on 2 sides, directly opposite each other, are machined into the orifice flange. This makes separate orifice carriers or tappings in the pipe wall unnecessary.

Set of Orifice Flanges

Orifice Flanges generally come with either Raised Faces or RTJ (Ring Type Joint) facings. They are, for all intensive purposes, the same as weld neck and slip-on flanges with extra machining.

The image on the right shows a set Orifice Flanges, where a Orifice Plate is mounted and a jack screw is machined. This jack screw is used to facilitate separating the flanges for inspection or replacement of the Orifice Plate and gaskets.

The range of orifice flanges covers all standard sizes and ranges, and all common flange materials. Flanges are available in Welding Neck, Slip On, and Threaded form, and are typically supplied with two 1/2" NPT tappings in each flange.

ASME B16.36 covers Dimensions and dimensional tolerances from orifice flanges (similar to those covered in ASME B16.5) that have orifice pressure differential connections. Coverage is limited to the following flanges:

Orifice Flange provide an economical method of measuring flow in both gas and liquid services. Flanges are machined in accordance with the requirements of ANSI B16.36. Raised face flanges meet the requirements of ANSI B16.5 for raised face dimensions. Our standard pressure taps, bore tolerances and surface finishes are all in accordance with the requirements of both API 14.3 and ISO 5167. Full compliance with these more stringent specifications can be provided if required. This is achieved with the addition of precisely machined dowel pin holes in each flange to assure maximum concentricity. Standard materials include carbon steel flanges and bolting with 1/16″ thick non-asbestos gaskets. Other materials and gasket types are available on request.


Long weld neck flanges

A long weld neck flange (also known as a high-hub flange [1] and tapered hub flange[2]) is a type of flange. There are two designs. The regular type is used with pipes. The long type is unsuitable for pipes and is used in process plant.[3] A weld neck flange consists of a circular fitting with a protruding rim around the circumference. Generally machined from a forging, these flanges are typically butt welded to a pipe. The rim has a series of drilled holes that permit the flange to be affixed to another flange with bolts.[4]

Such flanges are suitable for use in hostile environments that have extremes of temperature, pressure or other sources of stress.[4] The resilience of this type of flange is achieved by sharing the environmental stress with the pipe with which it is welded.[1] This type of flange has been used successfully at pressures up to 5,000 psi.

Where Long Weld Neck Flanges are used in Application

Forged Components

One kind of a steel flange seen in buildings, apartments, and other high establishment’s piping systems are long weld neck steel flanges. The long weld neck's design supports safety. This is because these places usually have high pressure and can cause serious problems when they get damaged.

Long Weld Neck Flange Manufacturers Follow Standards

Any long weld neck flange manufacturer has to follow the standards set by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (AMES). This is to ensure that all flanges will be consistent in size, material, weight, and shape. They have to fit correctly in the pipe application.

Besides buildings and apartments, chemical and gasoline industries also use long weld neck flanges. There is a consistent change in temperatures and pressure in the water and gas sources that travel inside the pipes.

Long weld neck flanges operate when the connection pipes need to bend or go through different directions. Due to this reason, and the high pressure that occurs, long weld neck connection forging is crucial. They should be assessed to prevent damage.

Connection forging is the addition of extra-long weld neck flanges to aid in better flows for the pipes.

There are various ways to configure your piping system depending on the kind of pressure changes that the pipe has to go through. Just like with manufacturing, long weld neck connection forging follows the standard of AMES.\

Some examples of connections are heavy barrel, which provides more support because of its thicker size. The intermediate barrel is for more support compared to the heavy barrel. The equal barrel provides the most amount of support. It is ideal for places where the pressure and temperature changes.

Manways for pressure vessels

Pressure valves

Components for Boilers

Parts for boilers

Dictionary of Heating Boiler Components - Boiler Parts Guide

BOILER COMPONENTS & PARTS - CONTENTS: How to Identify the Components of Hot Water Heating Boilers - A Guide to Hydronic Heating System Parts. What are the basic components of heating boilers and hot water heat? List of heating system parts with definitions and links to detailed articles. How to inspect & repair central hot water heating boilers - hydronic heating

POST a QUESTION or READ FAQs about components & controls on hydronic (water) heating boiler systems

REFERENCES

Dictionary of heating boiler terms:


How to identify & name all of the parts & components of Hot Water Heating Boilers and hot water heating systems including oil burners and their parts, boiler parts, hot water baseboard and its parts, hot water radiators, and hot water convector units and their parts and controls.

Green links show where you are. © Copyright 2015 InspectApedia.com, All Rights Reserved.


A List & Dictionary of Oil Fired Heating Boiler Parts & Components


A modern oil-fired heating boiler each simple definition includes links to detailed articles discussing how to identify, inspect, diagnose, and repair each component of the heating system.


This article series answers most questions about central hot water heating system troubleshooting, inspection, diagnosis, and repairs. We describe how to inspect, troubleshoot and repair heating and air conditioning systems to inform home owners, buyers, and home inspectors of common heating system defects.

Below we list and describe the parts and controls on heating boilers.


The articles at this website describe the basic components of a home heating system, how to find the rated heating capacity of an heating system by examining various data tags and components, how to recognize common heating system operating or safety defects, and how to save money on home heating costs.


HEATING BOILER - Definition: an enclosed steel or cast iron container that uses an energy source to heat water (or make steam) that is sent through heat radiating devices in the occupied space to heat a building.


HYDRONIC HEATING BOILERS use hot water to distribute heat through piping and baseboards or radiators.


STEAM HEATING BOILERS produce steam to distribute heat through one pipe or two pipe steam heat systems and steam heat radiators.


Some heating systems use a hydronic boiler to heat water that is circulated thorough a heating coil inserted in the plenum of a WARM AIR FURNACE heating system, using a water-to-air heating method.

AIR BLEEDER VALVES and AIR PURGE DEVICES vent out un-wanted air from hydronic (hot water) heating systems. Air in heating distribution piping, boilers, radiators, can prevent hot water circulation and thus stop heat from being delivered to the occupied space.

AIR SCOOPS SEPARATORS PURGERS - automatic air purging devices referred to as air scoops, air purgers, or air separators vary in internal design, but all are intended to capture air in hot water piping, sending it either to an expansion tank or to an air bleeder/air vent.

AUTOMATIC WATER FEEDER to provide makeup water in the system; note that different water feeder valves are

used on a HYDRONIC HEATING BOILER (hot water circulates in pipes, radiators, baseboards, convectors) or on a STEAM BOILER (steam circulates in pipes and radiators to deliver heat to the occupied space)

BASEBOARDS - electric or hot water heat radiating devices transmit heat from hot water or steam into the occupied space; Leak stains, repairs indicating history of freeze-ups?


Also see

BASEBOARD, CONVECTOR, RADIATOR TYPES

COLD HOT WATER BASEBOARD / RADIATOR

UNEVEN HEAT DIAGNOSIS

LEAKS at BASEBOARD, CONVECTOR, RADIATOR

BOILER FLUE VENT CONNECTOR "stack pipe"

or "flue"

see FLUE VENT CONNECTORS, HEATING EQUIPMENT

and see the draft regulator

or BAROMETRIC DAMPER - used to regulate draft seen by the oil burner

CHIMNEY & CHIMNEY FLUE - the flue vent connector sends gases into the chimney whose job is to vent these combustion products safely outdoors, above the building.

CIRCULATOR PUMPS force hot water through heating baseboards, radiators, or convector units

COMBINATION CONTROL - combining High Limit and "Low Limit" (which may or may not be in use depending on presence of a tankless coil)

Also referred to as an AQUASTAT CONTROL

DRAFT HOOD assures proper exhaust gas venting on gas-fired heating boilers

ELECTRIC POWER SWITCH turning the heating system electrical power on and off

EXPANSION TANK to absorb initial system pressure increase

Flame sensing device: AQUASTAT - CAD CELL or STACK RELAY SWITCH (watch for sensitive relays and learn about the re-stepping lever)

HIGH LIIMIT & LOW LIMIT SWITCHES (if tankless coil) separate controls on older equipment

LOW WATER CUTOFF CONTROL LWCO, a safety device used on steam boilers and some hydronic heating systems to shut down the heating boiler if its water is lost.

MIXING VALVE to temper outgoing domestic hot water from a TANKLESS COIL or to control radiant floor heat temperature

OIL BURNER & oil burner parts: oil pump (fuel unit), blower, nozzle, electrodes, transformer, electric motor, air shutter, oil delay valve

Oil Burner reset switch & oil burner motor reset switch (these are two separate controls); a reset switch may be on the CAD CELL RELAY or on the STACK RELAY of the oil burner as well as a reset switch on the oil burner electric motor

OIL STORAGE TANK and OIL PIPING, and OIL CONTROL VALVES, and oil tank gauges

OIL BU&RNER CONTROLS

AQUASTAT CONTROL: high limit, low limit,

CAD CELL RELAY,

CIRCULATOR CONTROLS

OTHER FLAME SENSORS

Piping on heating systems: Hot water (or steam) distribution piping and on steam systems, condensate return piping

Piping valves on heating systems: Hot water distribution piping drain and balancing valves

PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE safety device prevents boiler explosions by releasing temperature and pressure if other safety controls fail

PRESSURE & TEMPERATURE GAUGE -12 psi cold, less than 30 psi hot. Over 30 psi dumps relief valve.(Typical operating temperature settings LO-120-160 HI-180-200 °F. Typical operating temperature observed at the gauge will be below the high, and can be as low as nighttime room temperature in non-heating season if no tankless coil is in use. The temperature/pressure gauge may help in checking for normal conditions before and during boiler operation. However the gauge can be wrong!)

RADIATORS - hot water or steam. Steam: observe steam valves on each radiator and identify one pipe vs two-pipe distribution system. radiating devices transmit heat from hot water or steam into the occupied space; Leak stains, repairs indicating history of freeze-ups? Hot water radiators and baseboards may have a manually-operated air bleeder valve. Each steam radiator has a STEAM VENT to permit steam to rise into the radiator.

RESET BUTTON, ELECTRIC MOTOR on electric motors used on heating systems may require a manual reset

RESET SWITCH, CAD CELL RELAY on the cad cell or other primary control - press only once if the system is off on reset and does not keep running when you try this step

SIGHT GLASS: a glass tube used on steam boilers to give a visible indication of the boiler's water level

SPILL SWITCH, FLUE GAS DETECTOR are used to sense flue gas spillage at gas-fired equipment at the combustion gas exhaust venting systems and will turn off the heating appliance if gas spillage is detected.

TANKLESS COIL or a side-arm coil or other ALTERNATIVE HOT WATER SOURCES using the heating boiler; tips about leaks, missing mixing/tempering valve, relief valve (some jurisdictions). Risk of scalding water at the house sinks/tubs if there is no mixing valve.

ZONE VALVES which control hot water circulation through multiple heating zones



Orifice plates

Orifice plates

Orifice plates in carrier with annular slot corner tappings

An orifice plate is a device used for measuring flow rate, for reducing pressure or for restricting flow (in the latter two cases it is often called a restriction plate). Either a volumetric or mass flow rate may be determined, depending on the calculation associated with the orifice plate. It uses the same principle as a Venturi nozzle, namely Bernoulli's principle which states that there is a relationship between the pressure of the fluid and the velocity of the fluid. When the velocity increases, the pressure decreases and vice versa.

Contents

1 Description

2 Application

2.1 Pressure tappings

2.2 Plate

2.3 Pipe

2.4 Computation

2.5 Overall pressure loss

3 Theory

3.1 Incompressible flow

3.2 Compressible flow

4 See also

5 References

6 External links

Description

Orifice plate

An orifice plate is a thin plate with a hole in it, which is usually placed in a pipe. When a fluid (whether liquid or gaseous) passes through the orifice, its pressure builds up slightly upstream of the orifice [1]:85–86 but as the fluid is forced to converge to pass through the hole, the velocity increases and the fluid pressure decreases. A little downstream of the orifice the flow reaches its point of maximum convergence, the vena contracta where the velocity reaches its maximum and the pressure reaches its minimum. Beyond that, the flow expands, the velocity falls and the pressure increases. By measuring the difference in fluid pressure across tappings upstream and downstream of the plate, the flow rate can be obtained from Bernoulli's equation using coefficients established from extensive research.[2]:7.1–7.3

Application

Orifice plates are most commonly used to measure flow rates in pipes, when the fluid is single-phase (rather than being a mixture of gases and liquids, or of liquids and solids) and well-mixed, the flow is continuous rather than pulsating, the fluid occupies the entire pipe (precluding silt or trapped gas), the flow profile is even and well-developed and the fluid and flow rate meet certain other conditions. Under these circumstances and when the orifice plate is constructed and installed according to appropriate standards, the flow rate can easily be determined using published formulae based on substantial research and published in industry, national and international standards.[2]

Plates are commonly made with sharp-edged circular orifices and installed concentric with the pipe and with pressure tappings at one of three standard pairs of distances upstream and downstream of the plate; these types are covered by ISO 5167 and other major standards. There are many other possibilities. The edges may be rounded or conical, the plate may have an orifice the same size as the pipe except for a segment at top or bottom which is obstructed, the orifice may be installed eccentric to the pipe, and the pressure tappings may be at other positions. Variations on these possibilities are covered in various standards and handbooks. Each combination gives rise to different coefficients of discharge which can be predicted so long as various conditions are met, conditions which differ from one type to another.[2]

Once the orifice plate is designed and installed, the flow rate can often be indicated with an acceptably low uncertainty simply by taking the square root of the differential pressure across the orifice's pressure tappings and applying an appropriate constant. Even compressible flows of gases that vary in pressure and temperature may be measured with acceptable uncertainty by merely taking the square roots of the absolute pressure and/or temperature, depending on the purpose of the measurement and the costs of ancillary instrumentation.

Orifice plates are also used to reduce pressure or restrict flow, in which case they are often called restriction plates.[3][4]

Pressure tappings

There are three standard positions for pressure tappings (also called taps), commonly named as follows:

Corner taps placed immediately upstream and downstream of the plate; convenient when the plate is provided with an orifice carrier incorporating tappings

D and D/2 taps or radius taps placed one pipe diameter upstream and half a pipe diameter downstream of the plate; these can be installed by welding bosses to the pipe

Flange taps placed 25.4mm (1 inch) upstream and downstream of the plate, normally within specialised pipe flanges.

These types are covered by ISO 5167 and other major standards. Other types include

2½D and 8D taps or recovery taps placed 2.5 pipe diameters upstream and 8 diameters downstream, at which point the measured differential is equal to the unrecoverable pressure loss caused by the orifice

Vena contracta tappings placed one pipe diameter upstream and at a position 0.3 to 0.9 diameters downstream, depending on the orifice type and size relative to the pipe, in the plane of minimum fluid pressure.

The measured differential pressure differs for each combination and so the coefficient of discharge used in flow calculations depends partly on the tapping positions.

The simplest installations use single tappings upstream and downstream, but in some circumstances these may be unreliable; they might be blocked by solids or gas-bubbles, or the flow profile might be uneven so that the pressures at the tappings are higher or lower than the average in those planes. In these situations multiple tappings can be used, arranged circumferentially around the pipe and joined by a piezometer ring, or (in the case of corner taps) annular slots running completely round the internal circumference of the orifice carrier.

Plate

Standards and handbooks are mainly concerned with sharp-edged thin plates. In these, the leading edge is sharp and free of burrs and the cylindrical section of the orifice is short, either because the entire plate is thin or because the downstream edge of the plate is bevelled. Exceptions include the quarter-circle or quadrant-edge orifice, which has a fully rounded leading edge and no cylindrical section, and the conical inlet or conical entrance plate which has a bevelled leading edge and a very short cylindrical section. The orifices are normally concentric with the pipe (the eccentric orifice is a specific exception) and circular (except in the specific case of the segmental or chord orifice, in which the plate obstructs just a segment of the pipe). Standards and handbooks stipulate that the upstream surface of the plate is particularly flat and smooth. Sometimes a small drain or vent hole is drilled through the plate where it meets the pipe, to allow condensate or gas bubbles to pass along the pipe.

Pipe

Standards and handbooks stipulate a well-developed flow profile; velocities will be lower at the pipe wall than in the centre but not eccentric or jetting. Similarly the flow downstream of the plate must be unobstructed, otherwise the downstream pressure will be affected. To achieve this, the pipe must be acceptably circular, smooth and straight for stipulated distances. Sometimes when it is impossible to provide enough straight pipe, flow conditioners such as tube bundles or plates with multiple holes are inserted into the pipe to straighten and develop the flow profile, but even these require a further length of straight pipe before the orifice itself. Some standards and handbooks also provide for flows from or into large spaces rather than pipes, stipulating that the region before or after the plate is free of obstruction and abnormalities in the flow.

Computation

Flow rates through an orifice plate can be calculated without specifically calibrating the individual flowmeter so long as the construction and installation of the device complies with the stipulations of the relevant standard or handbook. The calculation takes account of the fluid and fluid conditions, the pipe size, the orifice size and the measured differential pressure; it also takes account of the coefficient of discharge of the orifice plate, which depends upon the orifice type and the positions of the pressure tappings. With local pressure tappings (corner, flange and D+D/2), sharp-edged orifices have coefficients around 0.6 to 0.63,[5] while the coefficients for conical entrance plates are in the range 0.73 to 0.734 and for quarter-circle plates 0.77 to 0.85.[2] The coefficients of sharp-edged orifices vary more with fluids and flow rates than the coefficients of conical-entrance and quarter-circle plates, especially at low flows and high viscosities.

For compressible flows such as flows of gases or steam, an expansibility factor or expansion factor is also calculated. This factor is primarily a function of the ratio of the measured differential pressure to the fluid pressure and so can vary significantly as the flow rate varies, especially at high differential pressures and low static pressures.

The equations provided in American and European national and industry standards and the various coefficients used to differ from each other even to the extent of using different combinations of correction factors, but many are now closely aligned and give identical results; in particular, they use the same Reader-Harris/Gallagher (1998) equation for the coefficient of discharge for sharp-edged orifice plates. The equations below largely follow the notation of the international standard ISO 5167 and use SI units.[6][7]

Volume flow rate:

q_v = \frac{q_m}{\rho_1}

Mas flow rate:

q_m = \frac{C}{\sqrt{1-\beta^4}}\;\epsilon\;\frac{\pi}{4}\;d^2\;\sqrt{2\;\rho_1\Delta p\;} [6]

Coefficient of discharge for sharp-edged orifice plates with corner, flange or D and D/2 tappings and no drain or vent hole (Reader-Harris/Gallagher equation):

C = 0.5961+0.0261\beta^2-0.216\beta^8+0.000521\bigg(\frac{10^6\beta}{Re_D}\bigg)^{0.7}+(0.0188+0.0063 A) \beta^{3.5} \bigg(\frac{10^6}{Re_D}\bigg)^{0.3} +

(0.043+0.080e^{-10{L_1}}-0.123e^{-7{L_1}})(1-0.11A)\frac{\beta^4}{1-\beta^4}-0.031(M'_2-0.8{M'_2}^{1.1})\beta^{1.3}

and if D < 71.2mm in which case this further term is added to C:

+0.011(0.75-\beta)\bigg(2.8-\frac{D}{0.025.4}\bigg) [7][8]

In the equation for C,

A = \bigg(\frac{19000 \beta}{Re_D}\bigg)^{0.8}

M'_2=\frac{2L'_2}{1-\beta}

and only the three following pairs of values for L1 and L'2 are valid:

corner tappings: L_1=L'_2=0

flange tappings: L_1=L'_2=\frac{0.0254}{D}[8]

D and D/2 tappings:

L_1=1

L'_2=0.47

Expansibility factor, also called expansion factor, for sharp-edged orifice plates with corner, flange or D and D/2 tappings:

if p_2/p_1 > 0.75[7]:5.3.2.2 (at least - standards vary)[9]

\epsilon = 1-(0.351+0.256\beta^4+0.93\beta^8)\bigg[1-\bigg(\frac{p_2}{p_1}\bigg)^\frac{1}{\kappa}\bigg] [7]

but for incompressible fluids, including most liquids

\epsilon = 1

where:

C = coefficient of discharge, dimensionless

d = internal orifice diameter under operating conditions, m

D = internal pipe diameter under operating conditions, m

p_1 = fluid absolute static pressure in plane of upstream tapping, Pa

p_2 = fluid absolute static pressure in plane of downstream tapping, Pa

q_m = mass flow rate, kg/s

q_v = volume flow rate, m3/s

Re_D = pipe Reynolds number, \frac{4q_m}{\pi \mu D}, dimensionless

\beta = diameter ratio of orifice diameter to pipe diameter, \frac{d}{D}, dimensionless

\Delta p = differential pressure, Pa

\epsilon = expansibility factor, also called expansion factor, dimensionless

\kappa = isentropic exponent, often approximated by specific heat ratio, dimensionless

\mu = dynamic viscosity of the fluid, Pa.s

\rho_1 = fluid density in plane of upstream tapping, kg/m³

Overall pressure loss

The overall pressure loss caused by an orifice plate is less than the differential pressure measured across tappings near the plate. For sharp-edged plates such as corner, flange or D and D/2 tappings, it can be approximated by the equation

\frac{\Delta \bar \omega}{\Delta p} = 1 - \beta ^{1.9}[7]:13

or

\frac{\Delta \bar \omega}{\Delta p} = \frac{\sqrt{1-\beta^4(1-C^2)}-C\beta^2}{\sqrt{1-\beta^4(1-C^2)}+C\beta^2} [7]:13

where

\Delta \bar \omega = overall pressure loss, Pa

and other symbols are as above

Theory

Incompressible flow

By assuming steady-state, incompressible (constant fluid density), inviscid, laminar flow in a horizontal pipe (no change in elevation) with negligible frictional losses, Bernoulli's equation reduces to an equation relating the conservation of energy between two points on the same streamline:

P_1 + \frac{1}{2}\cdot\rho\cdot V_1^2 = P_2 + \frac{1}{2}\cdot\rho\cdot V_2^2

or:

P_1 - P_2 = \frac{1}{2}\cdot\rho\cdot V_2^2 - \frac{1}{2}\cdot\rho\cdot V_1^2

By continuity equation:

Q = A_1\cdot V_1 = A_2\cdot V_2 or V_1 = Q/A_1 and V_2 = Q/A_2 :

P_1 - P_2 = \frac{1}{2}\cdot\rho\cdot \bigg(\frac{Q}{A_2}\bigg)^2 - \frac{1}{2}\cdot\rho\cdot\bigg(\frac{Q}{A_1}\bigg)^2

Solving for Q_{}:

Q = A_2\;\sqrt{\frac{2\;(P_1-P_2)/\rho}{1-(A_2/A_1)^2}}

and:

Q = A_2\;\sqrt{\frac{1}{1-(d_2/d_1)^4}}\;\sqrt{2\;(P_1-P_2)/\rho}

The above expression for Q gives the theoretical volume flow rate. Introducing the beta factor \beta = d_2/d_1 as well as the discharge coefficient C_d:

Q = C_d\; A_2\;\sqrt{\frac{1}{1-\beta^4}}\;\sqrt{2\;(P_1-P_2)/\rho}

And finally introducing the meter coefficient C which is defined as C = \frac{C_d}{\sqrt{1-\beta^4}} to obtain the final equation for the volumetric flow of the fluid through the orifice:

(1)\qquad Q = C\;A_2\;\sqrt{2\;(P_1-P_2)/\rho}

Multiplying by the density of the fluid to obtain the equation for the mass flow rate at any section in the pipe:[10][11][12][13]

(2)\qquad \dot{m} = \rho\;Q = C\;A_2\;\sqrt{2\;\rho\;(P_1-P_2)}

where:

Q_{} = volumetric flow rate (at any cross-section), m³/s

\dot{m} = mass flow rate (at any cross-section), kg/s

C_d = coefficient of discharge, dimensionless

C = orifice flow coefficient, dimensionless

A_1 = cross-sectional area of the pipe, m²

A_2 = cross-sectional area of the orifice hole, m²

d_1 = diameter of the pipe, m

d_2 = diameter of the orifice hole, m

\beta = ratio of orifice hole diameter to pipe diameter, dimensionless

V_1 = upstream fluid velocity, m/s

V_2 = fluid velocity through the orifice hole, m/s

P_1 = fluid upstream pressure, Pa with dimensions of kg/(m·s² )

P_2 = fluid downstream pressure, Pa with dimensions of kg/(m·s² )

\rho = fluid density, kg/m³

Deriving the above equations used the cross-section of the orifice opening and is not as realistic as using the minimum cross-section at the vena contracta. In addition, frictional losses may not be negligible and viscosity and turbulence effects may be present. For that reason, the coefficient of discharge C_d is introduced. Methods exist for determining the coefficient of discharge as a function of the Reynolds number.[11]

The paramete \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\beta^4}} is often referred to as the velocity of approach factor[10] and multiplying the coefficient of discharge by that parameter (as was done above) produces the flow coefficient C. Methods also exist for determining the flow coefficient as a function of the beta function \beta and the location of the downstream pressure sensing tap. For rough approximations, the flow coefficient may be assumed to be between 0.60 and 0.75. For a first approximation, a flow coefficient of 0.62 can be used as this approximates to fully developed flow.

An orifice only works well when supplied with a fully developed flow profile. This is achieved by a long upstream length (20 to 40 pipe diameters, depending on Reynolds number) or the use of a flow conditioner. Orifice plates are small and inexpensive but do not recover the pressure drop as well as a venturi nozzle does. If space permits, a venturi meter is more efficient than an orifice plate.

Compressible flow

In general, equation (2) is applicable only for incompressible flows. It can be modified by introducing the expansibility factor, (also called the expansion factor) Y to account for the compressibility of gases.

\dot{m} = \rho_1\;Q_1 = C\;Y\;A_2\;\sqrt{2\;\rho_1\;(P_1-P_2)}

Y is 1.0 for incompressible fluids and it can be calculated for compressible gases[11] using empirically determined formulae as shown above in Computation.

For smaller values of β (such as restriction plates with β less than 0.25 and discharge from tanks) rather than in flow measurement, if the fluid is compressible, the rate of flow depends on whether the flow has become choked. If it is, then the flow may be calculated as shown at choked flow, but the flow of real gases through thin-plate orifices never becomes fully choked[16] and the flow may be calculated as: